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Synovial fluid, also called synovia, is a viscous, non-Newtonian fluid found in the cavities of synovial joints. With its egg white –like consistency, [ 1 ] the principal role of synovial fluid is to reduce friction between the articular cartilage of synovial joints during movement. [ 2 ]
Synovial fluid examination [1] [2]; Type WBC (per mm 3) % neutrophils Viscosity Appearance Normal <200: 0: High: Transparent Osteoarthritis <5000 <25: High: Clear yellow Trauma <10,000
Patients with a fever, suspected flare of existing arthritis, or unknown cause of joint effusion should undergo arthrocentesis with synovial fluid analysis. Samples of synovial fluid can be analyzed for gross appearance, presence of crystals, white blood cell count with differential, red blood cell count, and bacterial culture. Normal synovial ...
The inner lining of the joint consists of the synovium (also called the synovial membrane), a thin layer located between the joint capsule and the joint cavity. The word "synovium" is derived from the word "synovia" (or synovial fluid ), which is a clear, viscous fluid produced by the synovium, and its main purpose is to reduce friction between ...
The knee bursae are the fluid-filled sacs and synovial pockets that surround and sometimes communicate with the knee joint cavity. The bursae are thin-walled, and filled with synovial fluid . They represent the weak point of the joint, but also provide enlargements to the joint space. [ 1 ]
However, septic synovial fluid can have white blood cell counts as low as a few thousand in the early stages. Therefore, differentiation of septic arthritis from other causes is not always possible based on cell counts alone. [13] [26] Synovial fluid PCR analysis is useful in finding less common organisms such as Borrelia species. However ...
Synovial fluid analysis is another method to diagnose Hemarthrosis. It involves a small needle being inserted into the joint to draw the fluid. [ 6 ] Reddish-colored hue of the sample is an indication of the blood being present.