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Afghanistan, [e] officially the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan, [f] is a landlocked country located at the crossroads of Central Asia and South Asia.It is bordered by Pakistan to the east and south, [g] Iran to the west, Turkmenistan to the northwest, Uzbekistan to the north, Tajikistan to the northeast, and China to the northeast and east.
Afghanistan Information Management Services (AIMS) is a Kabul-based Afghan non-governmental organisation (NGO). It specialises in the application of information, communication and technology (Information Communication Technology) solutions, software development, and project management.
The Supreme Leader of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan is the head-of-state, commander-in-chief, and religious leader of Afghanistan. [4] These responsibilities include appointing and dismissing the cabinet, judiciary, armed forces general staff, [5] and provincial and municipal governments, issuing decrees, special instructions, and orders regulating the operations of those mentioned above.
Afghanistan is rich in natural resources, including lithium, iron, zinc, and copper. It is the second-largest producer of cannabis resin, and third largest of both saffron and cashmere. The country is a member of the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation and a founding member of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation.
The country has been governed by various systems of government, including a monarchy, republic, theocracy, dictatorship, and a pro-communist state. 1709 – Mirwais Hotak establishes the Hotaki dynasty at Kandahar and declares Afghanistan (land of the Afghans) an independent state.
The provinces of Afghanistan are the primary administrative divisions. Each province encompasses a number of districts or usually over 1,000 villages. Provincial governors played a critical role in the reconstruction of the Afghan state following the creation of the new government under Hamid Karzai . [ 1 ]
Afghanistan was given legal control of the ".af" domain in 2003, and the Afghanistan Network Information Center (AFGNIC) was established to administer domain names. The country has 327,000 IP addresses and around 6,000 .af domains. [5] Internet in Afghanistan is accessed by over 9 million users today. [2]
The Islamic Republic of Afghanistan was a presidential republic in Afghanistan from 2004 to 2021. The state was established to replace the Afghan interim (2001–2002) and transitional (2002–2004) administrations, which were formed after the 2001 United States invasion of Afghanistan that had toppled the partially recognized Taliban-ruled Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan.