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Vatican City and St. Peter's Basilica.. Christianity played a prominent role in the development of Western civilization, in particular, the Catholic Church and Protestantism. [5] [50] Western culture, throughout most of its history, has been nearly equivalent to Christian culture, and much of the population of the Western hemisphere could broadly be described as cultural Christians.
Christianity in the High Middle Ages had a lasting impact on politics and law through the newly established universities. Canon law emerged from theology and developed independently there. [109]: 255 By the 1200s, both civil and canon law had become a major aspect of ecclesiastical culture, dominating Christian thought.
Christian tradition is a collection of traditions consisting of practices or beliefs associated with Christianity. Many churches have traditional practices, such as particular patterns of worship or rites, that developed over time. Deviations from such patterns are sometimes considered unacceptable by followers, or are regarded as heretical.
The three main branches of Christianity are Roman Catholicism (1.3 billion people), Protestantism (625 million-900 million), [note 3] [15] [16] [17] and Eastern Orthodoxy (230 million) while other prominent branches include Oriental Orthodoxy (60 million), Restorationism (35 million), [note 4] and the Church of the East (600,000). [20]
The Bible is a collection of canonical sacred texts of Judaism and Christianity.Different religious groups include different books within their canons, in different orders, and sometimes divide or combine books, or incorporate additional material into canonical books.
Christians have made many contributions in a broad and diverse range of fields, including the sciences, arts, politics, literatures, sports and business This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness.
Christianity: c. 4 BC – c. 30/33 AD Paul the Apostle: Pauline Christianity: c. 33 AD James the Just: Jewish Christianity: c. 33 AD Lakulisha: Pashupata Shaivism sect of Hinduism: 1st century AD Judah the Prince: Rabbinic Judaism: 2nd century AD Montanus: Montanism: 2nd century AD Marcion of Sinope: Marcionism: 110–160 Elkesai: Elkesaism ...
Nancey Murphy, professor of Christian philosophy, author, and ordained minister. Thomas C. Oden, father of Paleo-Orthodoxy; theologian associated with Drew University; J. I. Packer, theological editor for the English Standard Version, author of Knowing God; Alvin Plantinga, University of Notre Dame, philosopher, Warrant and Christian Belief