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The major color components in their respective chemical structures are carminic acid (in cochineal dyes), kermesic acid (in kermes dye) and laccaic acids (in lac dye). [22] Carminic acid is extracted from the female cochineal insects and is treated to produce carmine, which can yield shades of red such as crimson and scarlet. [23]
Carmine (/ ˈ k ɑːr m ə n, ˈ k ɑːr m aɪ n /) – also called cochineal (when it is extracted from the cochineal insect), cochineal extract, crimson lake, or carmine lake – is a pigment of a bright-red color obtained from the aluminium complex derived from carminic acid. [2] Specific code names for the pigment include natural red 4, C.I ...
The Polish cochineal lives on herbaceous plants growing in sandy and arid, infertile soils. Its primary host plant is the perennial knawel (Scleranthus perennis), but it has also been known to feed on plants of 20 other genera, including mouse-ear hawkweed (Hieracium pilosella), bladder campion (Silene inflata), velvet bent (Agrostis canina), Caragana, [4] smooth rupturewort (Herniaria glabra ...
Carminic acid (C 22 H 20 O 13) is a red glucosidal hydroxyanthrapurin that occurs naturally in some scale insects, such as the cochineal, Armenian cochineal, and Polish cochineal. The insects produce the acid as a deterrent to predators. [3] An aluminum salt of carminic acid is the coloring agent in carmine, a pigment. [4]
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 7 February 2025. Very slightly purplish, deep red For the pigments used to make the color, see Carmine. "Carmine red" redirects here. For the RAL color, see Carmine red (RAL). Carmine Powdered carmine pigment Color coordinates Hex triplet #960018 sRGB B (r, g, b) (150, 0, 24) HSV (h, s, v) (350°, 100% ...
Porphyrophora hamelii is one of the ancient natural sources of red dye in the Middle East and Europe, along with the insect dyes kermes (from Kermes vermilio and related species), lac (from Kerria lacca and related species), and carmine from other Porphyrophora species such as the Polish cochineal (Porphyrophora polonica), and the plant dye madder (from Rubia tinctorum and related species).
A woman applying red lipstick Lips with dark crimson lipstick A tube of red lipstick Lipstick is a cosmetic product used to apply coloration and texture to lips , often made of wax and oil . Different pigments are used to produce color, and minerals such as silica may be used to provide texture.
These insects are known commonly as cochineals, [2] [3] a name that also specifically refers to the best-known species, the cochineal (Dactylopius coccus). The cochineal is an insect of economic and historical importance as a main source of the red dye carmine. It has reportedly been used for this purpose in the Americas since the 10th century. [2]