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Newman's lady-fern Athyrium flexile: Native Dickie's bladder-fern Cystopteris dickieana: Native Brittle bladder-fern Cystopteris fragilis: Native Mountain bladder-fern Cystopteris montana: Native Oak fern Gymnocarpium dryopteris: Native Limestone fern Gymnocarpium robertianum: Native Ostrich fern Matteuccia struthiopteris: Introduced Sensitive fern
Tree ferns are found growing in tropical and subtropical areas worldwide, as well as cool to temperate rainforests in Australia, New Zealand and neighbouring regions (e.g. Lord Howe Island, etc.). Like all ferns, tree ferns reproduce by means of spores formed on the undersides of the fronds.
The ferns (Polypodiopsida or Polypodiophyta) are a group of vascular plants (plants with xylem and phloem) that reproduce via spores and have neither seeds nor flowers.They differ from mosses by being vascular, i.e., having specialized tissues that conduct water and nutrients, and in having life cycles in which the branched sporophyte is the dominant phase.
Vandenboschia speciosa, synonym Trichomanes speciosum, [2] commonly known as the Killarney fern, [3] is a species of fern found widely in Western Europe.It is most abundant in Ireland, Great Britain, Brittany, Galicia, Canary Islands, Madeira and the Azores, but is also found in other locations including France, Spain, Portugal and Italy. [4]
Osmunda regalis, or royal fern, [2] is a species of deciduous fern, native to Europe, Africa and Asia, growing in woodland bogs and on the banks of streams. The species is sometimes known as flowering fern due to the appearance of its fertile fronds. [3] Royal fern swamp at Lagune de Contaut, Hourtin, France
Osmunda spectabilis is an easy fern to recognize in the New World flora. Although it closely resembles species O. regalis, O. japonica, and O. lancea, only O. spectabilis is found growing naturally in the New World. The fronds of O. spectabilis can exceed 1 meter in length and are bipinnate. The pinnules are attached by a very narrow base.
The fern is cultivated as an ornamental plant for groundcover and in floristry. [3] As it is a tropical plant with only limited protection against frost, in temperate climates it is normally grown under glass as a houseplant. In the UK it has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. [11] [12]
Cyathea delgadii is a widespread species of tree fern.It is native to Central America (Costa Rica, Nicaragua and Panama), and much of South America (Colombia, Guyana, Venezuela, Bolivia, Ecuador, Peru, Brazil, including Trindade, Argentina and Paraguay). [1]