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[1] [2] [3] It is a divide-and-conquer algorithm that reduces the multiplication of two n-digit numbers to three multiplications of n/2-digit numbers and, by repeating this reduction, to at most single-digit multiplications.
More formally, multiplying two n-digit numbers using long multiplication requires Θ(n 2) single-digit operations (additions and multiplications). When implemented in software, long multiplication algorithms must deal with overflow during additions, which can be expensive.
The method for general multiplication is a method to achieve multiplications with low space complexity, i.e. as few temporary results as possible to be kept in memory. . This is achieved by noting that the final digit is completely determined by multiplying the last digit of the multiplic
If one has a two-digit number, take it and add the two numbers together and put that sum in the middle, and one can get the answer. For example: 24 x 11 = 264 because 2 + 4 = 6 and the 6 is placed in between the 2 and the 4. Second example: 87 x 11 = 957 because 8 + 7 = 15 so the 5 goes in between the 8 and the 7 and the 1 is carried to the 8.
Single-digit numbers are written in the bottom right triangle leaving the other triangle blank, while double-digit numbers are written with a digit on either side of the diagonal. If the tables are held on single-sided rods, 40 rods are needed in order to multiply 4-digit numbers – since numbers may have repeated digits, four copies of the ...
As an example, consider the multiplication of 58 with 213. After writing the multiplicands on the sides, consider each cell, beginning with the top left cell. In this case, the column digit is 5 and the row digit is 2. Write their product, 10, in the cell, with the digit 1 above the diagonal and the digit 0 below the diagonal (see picture for ...