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Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women [a] are instances of violence against Indigenous women in Canada and the United States, [1] [2] notably those in the First Nations in Canada and Native American communities, [3] [4] [5] but also amongst other Indigenous peoples such as in Australia and New Zealand, [2] and the grassroots movement to raise awareness of MMIW through organizing marches ...
The final report of the inquiry concluded that the high level of violence directed at Indigenous women and girls in Canada (First Nations, Inuit, Métis or FNIM women and girls) is "caused by state actions and inactions rooted in colonialism and colonial ideologies." It also concluded that the crisis constituted an ongoing "race, identity and ...
The theory of manifest destiny went beyond simple land extension and into the belief that European settlers had the right to exploit Native women's bodies as a method of taming and "humanizing" them. [2] [3] Canada has an extensive problem with violence against indigenous women, by both indigenous men and non-aboriginals.
A notable instance of this is the investigations into murders of women along the Highway of Tears between 1989 and 2006. During this time period, nine women either went missing or were found murdered along a 724-kilometer stretch of Highway 16 in British Columbia, Canada, eight of whom were Indigenous Canadians. [6]
Tina Michelle Fontaine (1 January 1999 – c. 10 August 2014) [1] was a First Nations teenage girl who was reported missing and died in August 2014. [2] Her case is considered among the high number of missing and murdered Indigenous women of Canada, and her death renewed calls by activists for the government to conduct a national inquiry into the issue.
The killings prompted an emergency debate in the House of Commons regarding the ongoing epidemic of violence against Indigenous women and girls. A motion proposing the creation of a " Red Dress Alert" by MP Leah Gazan was unanimously adopted by the House of Commons, citing the murders in a letter to Public Safety Minister Marco Mendocino .
In 2019, Prime Minister Justin Trudeau acknowledged that the murders and disappearances of Indigenous women across Canada amounted to “genocide,” but activists say little has been done to ...
Canadian history has evolved significantly over the years, with early interpretations often downplaying or denying the extent of violence and harm inflicted on Indigenous peoples. [161] In more recent years, there has been a growing recognition of the systemic nature of the atrocities perpetrated against Indigenous peoples in Canada. [162]