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  2. Here document - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Here_document

    The term "here document" or "here string" is also used for multiline string literals in various programming languages, notably Perl (syntax influenced by Unix shell), and languages influenced by Perl, notably PHP and Ruby. The shell-style << syntax is often retained, despite not being used for input redirection.

  3. One-liner program - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One-liner_program

    Several open-source scripts have been developed to facilitate the construction of Python one-liners. Scripts such as pyp or Pyline import commonly used modules and provide more human-readable variables in an attempt to make Python functionality more accessible on the command line. Here is a redo of the above example (printing the last field of ...

  4. AWK - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AWK

    Jawk is a project to implement AWK in Java, hosted on SourceForge. [20] Extensions to the language are added to provide access to Java features within AWK scripts (i.e., Java threads, sockets, collections, etc.). xgawk is a fork of gawk [21] that extends gawk with dynamically loadable libraries. The XMLgawk extension was integrated into the ...

  5. Command-line argument parsing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Command-line_argument_parsing

    Python uses sys.argv, e.g.: import sys for arg in sys . argv : print arg Python also has a module called argparse in the standard library for parsing command-line arguments.

  6. Shebang (Unix) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shebang_(Unix)

    Previously (and in fact still) the shell did much of this job; it automatically executed itself on a text file with executable mode when the text file's name was typed as a command. Putting the facility into the system gives the following benefits. 1) It makes shell scripts more like real executable files, because they can be the subject of 'exec.'

  7. Comparison of command shells - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_command_shells

    A shell that can determine ahead of invocation that there are missing mandatory values, can assist the interactive user by prompting for those values instead of letting the command fail. Having the shell prompt for missing values will allow the author of a script, command or function to mark a parameter as mandatory instead of creating script ...

  8. Python syntax and semantics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_syntax_and_semantics

    Python sets are very much like mathematical sets, and support operations like set intersection and union. Python also features a frozenset class for immutable sets, see Collection types. Dictionaries (class dict) are mutable mappings tying keys and corresponding values. Python has special syntax to create dictionaries ({key: value})

  9. List of GNU Core Utilities commands - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_GNU_Core_Utilities...

    Run command with specified security context seq: Prints a sequence of numbers sleep: Delays for a specified amount of time stat: Returns data about an inode: stdbuf: Controls buffering for commands that use stdio stty: Changes and prints terminal line settings tee: Sends output to multiple files test: Evaluates an expression timeout: Run a ...