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Nap typically has a direction in which it feels smoothest. In garments, nap direction is often matched across seams, because cloth will not only feel but look different depending on the direction of the nap. For this reason, sewing patterns frequently show the nap direction, or warn that more fabric will be needed if the fabric has a nap.
This fabric is also known as Venetian velvet, or more generally, as épinglé velvet. In the actual terminology of furnishing fabrics it is mostly named with its French name velours de Gênes. This kind of fabric is made on a wire loom or épinglé loom. geotextile A geotextile is a synthetic permeable textile. gingham
The selvage (US English) or selvedge (British English) is the term for the self-finished edges of fabric. In woven fabric, selvages are the edges that run parallel to the warp, and are created by the weft thread looping back at the end of each row. The selvage of commercially produced fabrics is often cut away and discarded. [26]
A gig-mill (gigging machine, napping machine) was a type of raising machine that used teasels to produce a nap on cloth. [1] [2] Examples of the results of gigging are woolen fabrics such as chinchilla, beaver cloth, and melton. [3] The process involved gradual teasing of the surface to raise the nap. [4] Spelling in some localities is "Gigg".
Frieze was woven in the English Midlands and Wales, and in Ireland from the fourteenth century, and later in Holland as well. A similar textile is baize. In Old Norse, such cloth was called vaðmál , and lengths of wadmal were a medium of exchange, especially for the poor who had neither cattle nor silver. Wadmal could be used to pay property tax.
Mercerisation makes the woven cotton fabric stronger, more lustrous, and less abrasive, and improves its dye affinity. Raising lifts the surface fibers to improve the softness and warmth, as in flannelette. Peach Finish subjects the fabric (either cotton or its synthetic blends) to emery wheels, making the surface velvet-like. This is a special ...
Flannelette can either have long or short nap, and can be napped on one or two sides. It comes in many colours, both solid and patterned. [14] Baby flannel is a lightweight fabric used for childrenswear. [15] Cotton flannel or Canton flannel is a cotton fabric napped on one or two sides. Ceylon's flannel was a name for a wool and cotton mixture ...
The finishing of English Woollens includes shearing. Shearmen were skilled artisans who used to shear the fabric by hand. Shearman's job was to nap the cloth manually, using teasels and shears to trim the pile. A silky and smooth feeling was produced by the gradual lowering of the nap. The process was referred to as "dry shearing".