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The choice of anticonvulsants depends on individual patient characteristics. [42] Both newer and older drugs are generally equally effective in new onset epilepsy. [42] The newer drugs tend to have fewer side effects. [42]
Serious side effects include excessive breakdown of red blood cells, increased risk of suicide, severe skin reaction (Stevens–Johnson syndrome), and allergic reactions, which can be fatal. [8] Lamotrigine is a phenyltriazine , [ 5 ] making it chemically different from other anticonvulsants . [ 8 ]
The term "anticonvulsant mood stabilizers" is sometimes used to describe these as a class. [6] Although this group is also defined by effect rather than mechanism, there is at least a preliminary understanding of the mechanism of most of the anticonvulsants used in the treatment of mood disorders. [citation needed] Valproate
Sleepiness and dizziness are the most common side effects. Serious side effects include respiratory depression, and allergic reactions. [7] As with all other antiepileptic drugs approved by the FDA, gabapentin is labeled for an increased risk of suicide. Lower doses are recommended in those with kidney disease. [7]
Severe side effects may include suicide and psychosis. [8] [7] Use during pregnancy may result in harm to the fetus. [9] Primidone is an anticonvulsant of the barbiturate class; [7] however, its long-term effect in raising the seizure threshold is likely due to its active metabolite, phenobarbital. [10]
Carbamazepine, sold under the brand name Tegretol among others, is an anticonvulsant medication used in the treatment of epilepsy and neuropathic pain. [4] [1] It is used as an adjunctive treatment in schizophrenia along with other medications and as a second-line agent in bipolar disorder.
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