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The torque tube consists of a large diameter stationary housing between the transmission and rear end that fully encloses a rotating tubular steel or small-diameter solid drive shaft (known colloquially in the U.S. as a "rope drive" [1]) that transmits the power of the engine to a regular or limited-slip differential. [2]
Breaking from GM tradition, the 1960 truck line was not given a generational name by the company. [4] As part of a new model nomenclature introduced by GMC, [5] C denoted two-wheel drive vehicles and K is used for four-wheel-drive drive layout. Replacing second-party conversions, 4x4 drive was offered as a factory-supplied option for the first ...
The chassis was an all-new design (with all trucks receiving a leaf-spring rear suspension); K-Series trucks moved to all-wheel drive (shift-on-the-fly 4×4 was introduced for 1981). Alongside the introduction of the four-door crew cab, the third generation C/K marked the introduction of a dual rear-wheel pickup truck ("Big Dooley").
This iteration featured brake drums secured by wheel studs and utilized a smaller diameter pinion bearing compared to the subsequent design. The second design, in production since 1986, introduced notable improvements. Some models allowed for the removal of the brake drum without requiring hub and axle shaft removal.
The axle tubes were increased to 4 inches (100 mm) diameter and carrier bearings were larger and thicker, the axle shafts were 35 spline only. These upgrades gave the Dana 70HD a gross axle rating of 10,000 lb (4,500 kg). The Dana 70 front drive axles used in the Chevrolet Kodiaks and GMC Topkicks also had these features.
A spur-gear differential has equal-sized spur gears at each end, each of which is connected to an output shaft. [8] The input torque (i.e. from the engine or transmission) is applied to the differential via the rotating carrier. [8] Pinion pairs are located within the carrier and rotate freely on pins supported by the carrier.
For 1 ⁄ 2-ton and 3 ⁄ 4-ton C-series trucks (two-wheel drive), the independent front suspension design of the first generation was largely carried over from 1963 to 1966, using upper and lower control arms with coil springs. [5] K-series 4x4 trucks for both division were leaf-sprung on both front and rear axles, including a live front axle ...
Vibration: An early and common symptom of a failing drive shaft is an intense vibration coming from underneath the vehicle. Worn out couplings, u-joints, or bearings cause excessive drive shaft vibration. Turning problems: Problems with turning the vehicle, both during slow and high-speed drives, is another significant sign of a bad drive shaft.