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Flap surgery is a technique essential to plastic and reconstructive surgery.A flap is defined as tissue that can be moved to another site and has its own blood supply.This is in comparison to a skin graft which does not have its own blood supply and relies on vascularization from the recipient site. [2]
The flap is incised and elevated over the periosteum from distal to proximal. [1] The flap consists of skin, subcutaneous tissue, fat and frontalis muscle and is not thinned. When reaching the brow, all of the skin borders are incised and the flap is carefully released. [1] The full-thickness flap is then sutured into the defect without tension.
Triangles of skin adjacent to a sliding flap are excised to facilitate movement of the flap [1] Collis gastroplasty: John Leigh Collis, British cardiothoracic surgeon: Upper gastrointestinal surgery: Procedure for lengthening oesophagus [2] COLLIS JL (September 1957). "An operation for hiatus hernia with short oesophagus". Thorax. 12 (3): 181– 8.
The flap allows for 1) passive drainage of the pleural space and 2) negative pressure to develop in the thoracic cavity due to it being easier for air to escape than to enter the chest. The lung can then expand to the chest wall and seal the inner opening of the flap. [3] Other surgeons have subsequently proposed modifications to the procedure. [6]
Many surgical procedure names can be broken into parts to indicate the meaning. For example, in gastrectomy, "ectomy" is a suffix meaning the removal of a part of the body. "Gastro-" means stomach. Thus, gastrectomy refers to the surgical removal of the stomach (or sections thereof).
Loss of arterial supply is serious too and both will cause necrosis (death) of the flap. Close monitoring of the flap both by nurses and by the surgeon is mandatory following the completion of the operation. [2] [3] If detected early, loss of either the venous or arterial blood supply may be corrected by operative intervention. Many times an ...
Left Upper Quadrant of the abdomen (Perisplenic view). Left upper quadrant is examined by working your probe down the midaxillary line starting at the left 8th rib to the 11th rib. This examines for free fluid around the kidney and spleen. Pelvic views (Long and transverse axis). The suprapubic view helps assess for free fluid in the pelvic cavity.
Research has found that pharyngeal flap surgery has been most effective for those with a sagittal closure pattern (good lateral wall movement but poor velar movement (Armour et al., 2005)). Pharyngeal flap surgery is not recommended for everyone and alternative treatment methods are available. One alternative is the use of a prosthesis. In some ...