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A number of aircraft have been claimed to be the fastest propeller-driven aircraft. This article presents the current record holders for several sub-classes of propeller-driven aircraft that hold recognized, documented speed records in level flight. Fédération Aéronautique Internationale (FAI) records are the basis for this article. [1]
The aircraft was the largest and fastest passenger plane at that time and also had the longest range, at 10,900 km (6,800 mi). It has held the official title of fastest propeller-driven aircraft since 1960. [2] [3] Due to its swept wing and powerplant design, the Tu-114 was able to travel at speeds typical of modern jetliners, 880 km/h (550 mph).
A 6-bladed Hamilton Standard 568F propeller on an ATR 72 short-haul airliner. Lowry [27] quotes a propeller efficiency of about 73.5% at cruise for a Cessna 172.This is derived from his "Bootstrap approach" for analyzing the performance of light general aviation aircraft using fixed pitch or constant speed propellers.
The FAI lists it as the fastest propeller-driven aircraft with speed of 927.4 km/h ... transcontinental speed records with an average speed of 475 ...
The Lockheed SR-71 Blackbird holds the official Air Speed Record for a crewed airbreathing jet engine aircraft with a speed of 3,530 km/h (2,190 mph). The record was set on 28 July 1976 by Eldon W. Joersz and George T. Morgan Jr. near Beale Air Force Base, California, USA.
Beyond that speed, the proportion of the power that drives the propeller that is converted to propeller thrust falls dramatically. For this reason turboprop engines are not commonly used on aircraft [ 4 ] [ 5 ] [ 6 ] that fly faster than 0.6–0.7 Mach , [ 7 ] with some exceptions such as the Tupolev Tu-95 .
For propeller aircraft, drag is minimised when the lift-to-drag ratio is maximised. However, the speed for this is typically regarded as too slow, so propeller aircraft typically cruise at a significantly faster speed. [13] Combustion engines have an optimum efficiency level for fuel consumption and power output.
The wake velocity behind a turbojet-powered aircraft at subsonic speed is about 600 mph. At maximum propeller-driven speeds, the wake velocity behind the propeller it replaced as a thrust producer is about 10 mph with an insignificant RVL. [32] It is impossible to transform completely the kinetic energy acquired inside the engine into thrust work.