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  2. Lithography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithography

    Lithography stone and mirror image print of a map of Munich. Lithography works because of the mutual repulsion of oil and water. The image is drawn on the surface of the print plate with a fat or oil-based medium (hydrophobic) such as a wax crayon, which may be pigmented to make the drawing visible.

  3. Chemistry of photolithography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemistry_of_photolithography

    The pristine silicon (100) face has a surface energy value of 56.9 mN/m, which is reduced to a value of 44.1 mN/m after HMDS treatment [12] The molecular formula for hexamethyldisilazane is C 6 H 19 NSi 2. The chemical composition of hexamethylsilazane 3D image of HMDS

  4. Microcontact printing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microcontact_printing

    Microcontact printing (or μCP) is a form of soft lithography that uses the relief patterns on a master polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) stamp or Urethane rubber micro stamp [1] to form patterns of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of ink on the surface of a substrate through conformal contact as in the case of nanotransfer printing (nTP). [2]

  5. Photolithography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photolithography

    Photolithography (also known as optical lithography) is a process used in the manufacturing of integrated circuits. It involves using light to transfer a pattern onto a substrate, typically a silicon wafer. The process begins with a photosensitive material, called a photoresist, being applied to the substrate.

  6. Nanolithography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanolithography

    Optical Lithography (or photolithography) is one of the most important and prevalent sets of techniques in the nanolithography field. Optical lithography contains several important derivative techniques, all that use very short light wavelengths in order to change the solubility of certain molecules, causing them to wash away in solution, leaving behind a desired structure.

  7. Electron-beam lithography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron-beam_lithography

    An example of Electron beam lithograph setup. Electron-beam lithography (often abbreviated as e-beam lithography or EBL) is the practice of scanning a focused beam of electrons to draw custom shapes on a surface covered with an electron-sensitive film called a resist (exposing). [1]

  8. Dip-pen nanolithography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dip-Pen_Nanolithography

    Dip pen nanolithography (DPN) is a scanning probe lithography technique where an atomic force microscope (AFM) tip is used to directly create patterns on a substrate. [1] It can be done on a range of substances with a variety of inks. A common example of this technique is exemplified by the use of alkane thiolates to imprint onto a gold surface ...

  9. Immersion lithography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immersion_lithography

    Immersion lithography is a technique used in semiconductor manufacturing to enhance the resolution and accuracy of the lithographic process. It involves using a liquid medium, typically water, between the lens and the wafer during exposure.