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There are three tenses in Arabic: the past tense (اَلْمَاضِي al-māḍī), the present tense (اَلْمُضَارِع al-muḍāriʿ) and the future tense.The future tense in Classical Arabic is formed by adding either the prefix سَـ sa-or the separate word سَوْفَ sawfa onto the beginning of the present tense verb, e.g. سَيَكْتُبُ sa-yaktubu or ...
Verbs containing the radicals w or y are called weak. They can be either: Hollow: verbs with w or y as the second radical, which can become a long a in some forms, or; Defective: verbs with w or y as the third radical, treated as a vowel, Geminate (or doubled): the second and third radicals are identical, remaining together as a double ...
Hebrew loanwords can be written in Hebrew, Arabic, or Latin script, depending on the speaker and the context. Code-switching between Levantine and Hebrew is frequent. In one study, 2.7% of all words in conversations on WhatsApp and Viber were Hebrew borrowings, mostly nouns from the domains of education, technology, and employment.
Since Arabic lacks a verb meaning "to have", constructions using li-, ‘inda, and ma‘a with the pronominal suffixes are used to describe possession. For example: عنده بيت (ʿindahu bayt) – literally: At him (is) a house. → He has a house. For the negation of Arabic verbs, see Negation in Arabic.
The following table serves to illustrate this relation. The past tense is used in the case of verbs as it is more distinctive and has been traditionally used in Arabic lexicons. Canonically, these verbs are pronounced with the final 'a' (marker of the past tense in Classical Arabic). This notation is preserved the table below.
é:-was borrowed from the defective verbs; the Classical Arabic equivalent form would be *ḥabáb-, e.g. *ḥabáb-t. Other verbs have u or a in the present stem: baṣṣ/yibúṣṣ "to look", ṣaḥḥ/yiṣáḥḥ "be right, be proper". As for the other forms: Form II, V doubled verbs are strong: ḥáddid/yiḥáddid "limit, fix ...
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And there is a section describing person-number-tense forms for a sound verb, then a few sections describing syntactic and semantic categories, then sections describing person-number-tense forms for weak verbs. There is a section with a table of derived forms of a sound verb and a table of categories of weak verbs, then near the bottom of the ...