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This list of volcanoes in Iceland only includes major active and dormant volcanic mountains, of which at least 18 vents have erupted since human settlement of Iceland began around 900 AD. Subsequent to the main list a list is presented that classifies the volcanoes into zones, systems and types.
English: Map in English of the volcanic system of Iceland Íslenska: Gosbelti Íslands . A similar but different image that may have informed part of the original image that was created in 2008 is in Sveinn P. Jakobsson, Kristján Jónasson og Ingvar A. Sigurðsson 2008.
Iceland Mid-Atlantic Ridge map Volcanic systems in Iceland. (See Volcanic zones and systems) Askja caldera in 1984. See "Askja index" Askja (and Víti, geothermal lake, in the foreground) See "Askja index" Askja 1875 - Ashfall drift from one of the largest ash eruptions in Icelandic history.
Iceland experiences frequent volcanic activity, due to its location both on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, a divergent tectonic plate boundary, and being over a hotspot.Nearly thirty volcanoes are known to have erupted in the Holocene epoch; these include Eldgjá, source of the largest lava eruption in human history.
Alongside the volcanoes exist numerous glaciers such as Vatnajökull, Mýrdalsjökull, and Eyjafjallajökull. Basalt columns and black sand beaches are examples of the volcanic activity of the area. The area also contains mountain ranges and Iceland's highest peak, Hvannadalshnjúkur, as well as the Vestmannaeyjar (Westman Islands) archipelago.
English: Map showing the Mid-Atlantic Ridge splitting Iceland and separating the North American and Eurasian Plates. The map also shows Reykjavik, the capital of Iceland, the Thingvellir area, and the locations of some of Iceland's active volcanoes (red triangles), including Krafla.
Bárðarbunga was a little-known volcano in Iceland due to its remote location and infrequent eruptions approximately once every 50 years, but recent studies have shown that many tephra layers originally thought to be from other volcanoes were ejected from Bárðarbunga, [1] and that lateral dyke intrusions may trigger eruptions in adjacent ...
The most recent eruptions of the central volcano have been at its north–east flank where young basaltic lava flows occur, [7] that are no more than 4500 years old. [3]: 6 These were from the Dvergar fissure row to the north–west of the Tungnafellsjökull central volcano, [5]: 19 being 1.18 km 2 (0.46 sq mi) in area and 0.0036 km 3 (0.00086 cu mi) in volume and are partly separated lava ...