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Some systems in fluid dynamics involve a fluid being subject to conservative body forces. Since a conservative body force is the gradient of some potential function, it has the same effect as a gradient in fluid pressure. [1] It is often convenient to define a modified pressure equal to the true fluid pressure plus the potential.
In physics, Lami's theorem is an equation relating the magnitudes of three coplanar, concurrent and non-collinear vectors, which keeps an object in static equilibrium, with the angles directly opposite to the corresponding vectors.
The Francis turbine is a type of reaction turbine, a category of turbine in which the working fluid comes to the turbine under immense pressure and the energy is extracted by the turbine blades from the working fluid.
Leonhard Euler is credited of introducing both specifications in two publications written in 1755 [3] and 1759. [4] [5] Joseph-Louis Lagrange studied the equations of motion in connection to the principle of least action in 1760, later in a treaty of fluid mechanics in 1781, [6] and thirdly in his book Mécanique analytique. [5]
The central common point is the line source described above. Fluid is supplied at a constant rate from the source. As the fluid flows outward, the area of flow increases. As a result, to satisfy continuity equation, the velocity decreases and the streamlines spread out. The velocity at all points at a given distance from the source is the same.
Here a key goal of lubrication theory is to determine the pressure distribution in the fluid volume, and hence the forces on the bearing components. The working fluid in this case is often termed a lubricant. Free film lubrication theory is concerned with the case in which one of the surfaces containing the fluid is a free surface. In that case ...
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Dimensionless numbers (or characteristic numbers) have an important role in analyzing the behavior of fluids and their flow as well as in other transport phenomena. [1] They include the Reynolds and the Mach numbers, which describe as ratios the relative magnitude of fluid and physical system characteristics, such as density, viscosity, speed of sound, and flow speed.