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The primrose moth (Schinia florida) is a common consumer of Oenothera biennis. The adults lay eggs on the flower, and the emerging caterpillars feed on the plant. Pink wing tips reveal Schinia florida in the flower of the evening primrose. Primrose moth, Schinia florida, on an evening primrose, petals have been removed to reveal the insect.
The main phytochemical in this evening primrose seed oil is gamma-linolenic acid. [21] There is no high-quality scientific evidence that O. biennis or evening primrose oil has any effect on human diseases or promotion of health, [21] [22] and specifically no evidence that it is effective to treat atopic dermatitis or cancer.
Oenothera caespitosa at dusk, Convict Lake, Mono County CA. Oenothera caespitosa, known commonly as tufted evening primrose, desert evening primrose, rock-rose evening primrose, or fragrant evening primrose, is a perennial plant of the genus Oenothera native to much of western and central North America, in habitats such as talus slopes and sandy plains. [1]
The Onagraceae are a family of flowering plants known as the willowherb family or evening primrose family. They include about 650 species of herbs , shrubs , and trees [ 4 ] in 17 genera. [ 5 ] The family is widespread, occurring on every continent from boreal to tropical regions.
Oenothera albicaulis is a New World plant in the evening primrose family. It is known by the common names prairie evening-primrose , [ 2 ] white-stem evening-primrose , [ 1 ] whitish evening primrose , [ 3 ] or whitest evening primrose .
Oenothera glazioviana is a species of flowering plant in the evening primrose family known by the common names large-flowered evening-primrose [1] and redsepal evening primrose. [2] Oenothera lamarckiana was formerly believed to be a different species, but is now regarded as a synonym of Oe. glazioviana .
Oenothera pallida, the pale evening-primrose, is a species of flowering plant in the family Onagraceae. [2] It is native to British Columbia, the western United States, and northern Mexico. [ 1 ] Flowers start out white and fade to pink.
Oenothera humifusa, the seabeach evening primrose, is a species of flowering plant in the family Onagraceae. [2] It is native to the beaches of Bermuda and the eastern United States from Louisiana to New Jersey, and it has been introduced to Cuba. [ 1 ]