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Anthropology is the scientific study of humanity, concerned with human behavior, human biology, cultures, societies, and linguistics, in both the present and past, including archaic humans. [1] Social anthropology studies patterns of behavior, while cultural anthropology studies cultural meaning, including norms and values. [1]
Anthropology can be described as all of the following: [citation needed] Academic discipline – body of knowledge given to – or received by – a disciple (student); a branch or sphere of knowledge, or field of study, that an individual has chosen to specialise in.
Today, physical anthropologists often collaborate more closely with biology and medicine than with cultural anthropology. [5] However, it is widely accepted that a complete four-field analysis is needed in order to accurately and fully explain an anthropological topic. The four-field approach is dependent on collaboration.
Although anthropologists worldwide refer to Tylor's definition of culture, [32] in the 20th century "culture" emerged as the central and unifying concept of American anthropology, where it most commonly refers to the universal human capacity to classify and encode human experiences symbolically, and to communicate symbolically encoded ...
The Roman historian Publius Cornelius Tacitus was a prolific ethnographer in antiquity. The term ethnography is from Greek (ἔθνος éthnos "folk, people, nation" and γράφω gráphō "I write") and encompasses the ways in which ancient authors described and analyzed foreign cultures.
Cultural anthropology is a branch of anthropology focused on the study of cultural variation among humans. It is in contrast to social anthropology, which perceives cultural variation as a subset of a posited anthropological constant.
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Claude Lévi-Strauss. An anthropologist is a person engaged in the practice of anthropology.Anthropology is the study of aspects of humans within past and present societies. [1] [2] [3] Social anthropology, cultural anthropology and philosophical anthropology study the norms, values, and general behavior of societies.