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Most common causes for children include asthma, respiratory tract infections and GERD. An estimation of between one and 21% of children suffer from chronic cough. [2] [32] [33] Causes typically diagnosed include viral bronchitis, post-infectious cough, cough-variant asthma, upper airway cough syndrome, psychogenic cough and GERD.
The most common symptom of eosinophilic bronchitis is a chronic dry cough lasting more than 6–8 weeks. [3] Eosinophilic bronchitis is also defined by the increased number of eosinophils, a type of white blood cell, in the sputum compared to that of healthy people. [2]
Protracted bacterial bronchitis in children, is defined as a chronic productive cough with a positive bronchoalveolar lavage that resolves with antibiotics. [ 77 ] [ 78 ] Protracted bacterial bronchitis is usually caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae , non-typable Haemophilus influenzae , or Moraxella catarrhalis . [ 78 ]
A cough is a sudden expulsion of air through the large breathing passages which can help clear them of fluids, irritants, foreign particles and microbes.As a protective reflex, coughing can be repetitive with the cough reflex following three phases: an inhalation, a forced exhalation against a closed glottis, and a violent release of air from the lungs following opening of the glottis, usually ...
Other agents that cause this illness include, but are not limited to, human metapneumovirus, influenza, parainfluenza, coronavirus, adenovirus, rhinovirus and mycoplasma. [12] [13] RSV, which is the most common cause of acute bronchiolitis in children.
A habit cough is a chronic cough that has no underlying organic cause or medical diagnosis, [1] [2] and does not respond to conventional medical treatment. [3] This is sometimes called tic cough, somatic cough syndrome and previously psychogenic cough, but without clinical justification.
A common genetic cause is cystic fibrosis, which affects chloride ion transport. [28] Another genetic cause is primary ciliary dyskinesia, a rare disorder that leads to immotility of cilia and can lead to situs inversus. [52] When situs inversus is accompanied by chronic sinusitis and bronchiectasis, this is known as Kartagener's syndrome. [53]
A postinfectious cough is a lingering cough that follows a respiratory tract infection, such as a common cold or flu and lasting up to eight weeks. Postinfectious cough is a clinically recognized condition represented within the medical literature.