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The eight queens puzzle is the problem of placing eight chess queens on an 8×8 chessboard so that no two queens threaten each other; thus, a solution requires that no two queens share the same row, column, or diagonal. There are 92 solutions. The problem was first posed in the mid-19th century.
Classic combinatorial search problems include solving the eight queens puzzle or evaluating moves in games with a large game tree, such as reversi or chess. A study of computational complexity theory helps to motivate combinatorial search. Combinatorial search algorithms are typically concerned with problems that are NP-hard. Such problems are ...
Backtracking is an important tool for solving constraint satisfaction problems, [2] such as crosswords, verbal arithmetic, Sudoku, and many other puzzles. It is often the most convenient technique for parsing, [3] for the knapsack problem and other combinatorial optimization problems.
Some of the puzzles are well known classics, some are variations of known puzzles making them more algorithmic, and some are new. [4] They include: Puzzles involving chessboards, including the eight queens puzzle, knight's tours, and the mutilated chessboard problem [1] [3] [4] Balance puzzles [3] River crossing puzzles [3] [4] The Tower of ...
Constraint satisfaction problems (CSPs) are mathematical questions defined as a set of objects whose state must satisfy a number of constraints or limitations. CSPs represent the entities in a problem as a homogeneous collection of finite constraints over variables , which is solved by constraint satisfaction methods.
The missionaries and cannibals problem, and the closely related jealous husbands problem, are classic river-crossing logic puzzles. [1] The missionaries and cannibals problem is a well-known toy problem in artificial intelligence , where it was used by Saul Amarel as an example of problem representation.
AI has plenty of technical shortcomings that we may be able to fix over time. But as we're learning, AI is also a reflection of the society that creates it—and that's a much harder fix.
Named after the number of tiles in the frame, the 15 puzzle may also be called a "16 puzzle", alluding to its total tile capacity. Similar names are used for different sized variants of the 15 puzzle, such as the 8 puzzle, which has 8 tiles in a 3×3 frame. The n puzzle is a classical problem for modeling algorithms involving heuristics.