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The laser diode chip removed and placed on the eye of a needle for scale A laser diode with the case cut away. The laser diode chip is the small black chip at the front; a photodiode at the back is used to control output power. SEM (scanning electron microscope) image of a commercial laser diode with its case and window cut away. The anode ...
MELF: Metal electrode leadless face (usually for resistors and diodes) SOD: Small-outline diode. SOT: Small-outline transistor (also SOT-23, SOT-223, SOT-323). TO-XX: wide range of small pin count packages often used for discrete parts like transistors or diodes. TO-3: Panel-mount with leads; TO-5: Metal can package with radial leads
Under zero- or reverse-bias (the "off" state), a PIN diode has a low capacitance. The low capacitance will not pass much of an RF signal. Under a forward bias of 1 mA (the "on" state), a typical PIN diode will have an RF resistance of about 1 ohm, making it a good conductor of RF. Consequently, the PIN diode makes a good RF switch.
Infrared diode: often changed to "D" for diode J: Jack (least-movable connector of a connector pair), jack connector (connector may have "male" pin contacts and/or "female" socket contacts) all types of connectors, including pin headers. JP: Jumper (link) K: Relay or contactor: L: Inductor or coil or ferrite bead: LD, LED: LED: often changed to ...
Conversely, the 4000-series has "borrowed" from the 7400 series – such as the CD40193 and CD40161 being pin-for-pin functional replacements for 74C193 and 74C161. Older TTL parts made by manufacturers such as Signetics , Motorola , Mullard and Siemens may have different numeric prefix and numbering series entirely, such as in the European FJ ...
The former Soviet Union and Eastern bloc countries used similar packages, but with a metric pin-to-pin spacing of 2.5 mm rather than 0.1 inches (2.54 mm). The number of leads is always even. For 0.3 inch spacing, typical lead counts are 8, 14, 16, and 20; less common are 4, 6, 18, 24, and 28 lead counts.