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The US fluid gallon is about 14.1% smaller than the US dry gallon, while the Imperial fluid gallon is about 3.2% larger than the US dry gallon. The dry gallon's implicit value in the US system was originally one eighth of the Winchester bushel, which was a cylindrical measure of 18.5 inches (469.9 mm) in diameter and 8 inches (203.2 mm) in ...
[a] Originally defined as the volume of 10 pounds (4.54 kg) of distilled water (under certain conditions), [b] then redefined by the Weights and Measures Act 1985 to be exactly 4.546 09 L (277.4 cu in), the imperial gallon is close in size to the old ale gallon.
The Winchester bushel is the volume of a cylinder 18.5 in (470 mm) in diameter and 8 in (200 mm) high, which gives an irrational number of approximately 2150.4202 cubic inches. [4] The modern American or US bushel is a variant of this, rounded to exactly 2150.42 cubic inches, less than one part per ten million less. [ 5 ]
pint (US dry) pt (US dry) ≡ 1 ⁄ 64 bu (US lvl) ≡ 1 ⁄ 8 gal (US dry) = 550.610 471 3575 × 10 −6 m 3: pint (US fluid) pt (US fl) ≡ 1 ⁄ 8 gal (US) = 473.176 473 × 10 −6 m 3: pony: ≡ 3 ⁄ 4 US fl oz = 22.180 147 171 875 × 10 −6 m 3: pottle; quartern: ≡ 1 ⁄ 2 gal (imp) = 80 fl oz (imp) = 2.273 045 × 10 −3 m 3: quart ...
In US customary units, most units of volume exist both in a dry and a liquid version, with the same name, but different values: the dry hogshead, dry barrel, dry gallon, dry quart, dry pint, etc. The bushel and the peck are only used for dry goods. Imperial units of volume are the same for both dry and liquid goods. They have a different value ...
The apothecaries and troy pounds are divided into 12 ounces (of 480 grains) while the avoirdupois pound has 16 ounces (of 437.5 grains). The unit of volume, the gallon, has different values in the United States and in the United Kingdom – the US fluid gallon being about 0.83 imperial gallons and the US dry gallon being about 0.97 imperial ...
In the United States, the 42 US-gallon size as a unit of measure is largely confined to the oil industry, while different sizes of barrel are used in other industries. Nearly all other countries use the metric system. Thus, the 42 US-gallon oil barrel is a unit of measure rather than a physical container used to transport crude oil.
The general standard for liquids is 31.5 gal or half a hogshead. The common 55-gallon size of drum for storing and transporting various products and wastes is sometimes confused with a barrel, though it is not a standard measure. In the U.S., single servings of beverages are usually measured in fluid ounces.