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Addiction to ether consumption, or etheromania, is the addiction to the inhalation or drinking of diethyl ether, commonly called "ether". Studies, including that of an ether addict in 2003, have shown that ether causes dependence ; however, the only symptom observed was a will to consume more ether.
Enflurane (2-chloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethyl difluoromethyl ether) is a halogenated ether. Developed by Ross Terrell in 1963, it was first used clinically in 1966. It was increasingly used for inhalational anesthesia during the 1970s and 1980s [2] but is no longer in common use. [3] Enflurane is a structural isomer of isoflurane. It vaporizes ...
Sevoflurane, sold under the brand name Sevorane, among others, is a sweet-smelling, nonflammable, highly fluorinated methyl isopropyl ether used as an inhalational anaesthetic for induction and maintenance of general anesthesia. After desflurane, it is the volatile anesthetic with the fastest onset. [8]
Diethyl ether was found to have undesirable side effects, such as post-anesthetic nausea and vomiting. Modern anesthetic agents reduce these side effects. [27] An illustration depicting ether's effects, 1840s–1870s. Prior to 2005, it was on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines for use as an anesthetic. [35] [36]
The effects of methoxyflurane on the circulatory system resemble those of diethyl ether. [35] In dogs, methoxyflurane anesthesia causes a moderate decrease in blood pressure with minimal changes in heart rate , and no significant effect on blood sugar , epinephrine , or norepinephrine .
Chloroform is a much stronger and effective anaesthetic than ether, it is non-inflammable and it did not irritate the airways, unlike ether. First non-gaseous inhalational anaesthetics such as ether and chloroform were inhaled from a handkerchief which the liquid was poured on and allowed to evaporate.
Desflurane (1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl difluoromethyl ether) is a highly fluorinated methyl ethyl ether used for maintenance of general anesthesia. Like halothane , enflurane , and isoflurane , it is a racemic mixture of ( R ) and ( S ) optical isomers ( enantiomers ).
Inhaled agents like diethyl ether are critical in anesthesia. Diethyl ether initially replaced non-flammable (but more toxic) halogenated hydrocarbons like chloroform and trichloroethylene. Halothane is a halogenated hydrocarbon anesthetic agent that was introduced into clinical practice in 1956. Due to its ease of use and improved safety ...