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Xerxes I (/ ˈ z ɜː r k ˌ s iː z / ZURK-seez [2] [a] c. 518 – August 465 BC), commonly known as Xerxes the Great, [4] was a Persian ruler who served as the fourth King of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire, reigning from 486 BC until his assassination in 465 BC.
Amestris (Greek: Άμηστρις, Amēstris, perhaps the same as Άμαστρις, Amāstris, from Old Persian Amāstrī-, "strong woman") [2] was an Achaemenid queen, wife of king Xerxes I and mother of king Artaxerxes I.
A son of king Darius I by his queen Atossa and thus a full brother of Xerxes I, [1] Achaemenes was appointed satrap of Egypt some time between 486 and 484 BC, shortly after Xerxes' accession. At the time, Egypt was revolting against Achaemenid rule, and it appears likely that the previous satrap Pherendates lost his life in the turmoil. [ 2 ]
Location of Bactria within the Persian Empire. Masistes (Old Persian 𐎶𐎰𐎡𐏁𐎫, Maθišta; Greek Μασίστης, Masístēs; Old Iranian *Masišta; [1] died c. 478 BC) was a Persian prince of the Achaemenid Dynasty, son of king Darius I (reign: 520-486 BC) and of his wife Atossa, and full brother of king Xerxes I (reign: 486-465 BC).
She was the daughter of an unnamed woman and Prince Masistes, who was a marshall of the armies during the invasion of Greece in 480-479 BC, and was also the brother of King Xerxes I. During the Greek campaign Xerxes developed a passionate desire for the wife of his brother Masistes, but she would constantly resist and would not bend to his will ...
Plutarch calls him, Ariamenes [pronunciation?] (Ἀριαμένης), [5] and speaks of him as a brave man and the most just of the brothers of Xerxes. The same writer relates [6] that this Ariamenes [7] laid claim to the throne on the death of Darius, as the eldest of his sons, but was opposed by Xerxes, who maintained that he had a right to the crown as the eldest of the sons born after ...
The Xerxes I inscription at Van, also known as the XV Achaemenid royal inscription, [1] is a trilingual cuneiform inscription of the Achaemenid King Xerxes I (r. 486–465 BC). [ 2 ] [ 3 ] It is located on the southern slope of a mountain adjacent to the Van Fortress , near Lake Van in present-day Turkey . [ 3 ]
Xerxes I, (/ˈzɜːrksiːz/; Old Persian: 𐎧𐏁𐎹𐎠𐎼𐏁𐎠 Xšayaṛša (About this soundKhshāyarsha (help·info)) "ruling over heroes",Greek Ξέρξης Xérxēs [ksérksɛːs]; 519–465 BC): called Xerxes the Great, was the fifth king of kings of the Achaemenid dynasty of Persia