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Trichloroethylene (TCE) is a halocarbon with the formula C 2 HCl 3, commonly used as an industrial metal degreasing solvent. It is a clear, colourless, non-flammable, volatile liquid with a chloroform-like pleasant mild smell [3] and sweet taste. [9] Its IUPAC name is trichloroethene. Trichloroethylene has been sold under a variety of trade names.
Many organochlorine compounds have been isolated from natural sources ranging from bacteria to humans. [3] [4] Chlorinated organic compounds are found in nearly every class of biomolecules and natural products including alkaloids, terpenes, amino acids, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids.
Trichloroethylene is a major byproduct, which is separated by distillation. Worldwide production was about 1 million metric tons (980,000 long tons; 1,100,000 short tons) in 1985. [11] Although in very small amounts, tetrachloroethylene occurs naturally in volcanoes along with trichloroethylene. [12]
The pharmacological effects of this compound in humans are similar to those of its prodrug chloral hydrate, and of chlorobutanol. Historically, it has been used as a sedative hypnotic. [3] The hypnotic drug triclofos (2,2,2-trichloroethyl phosphate) is metabolized in vivo to 2,2,2-trichloroethanol. Chronic exposure may result in kidney and ...
The KEGG PATHWAY database is a collection of manually drawn pathway maps for metabolism, genetic information processing, environmental information processing such as signal transduction, ligand–receptor interaction and cell communication, various other cellular processes and human diseases, all based on extensive survey of published literature.
Pyrazolam (SH-I-04) [2] is a benzodiazepine derivative originally developed by a team led by Leo Sternbach at Hoffman-La Roche in the 1970s. [3] It has since been "rediscovered" and sold as a designer drug since 2012.
The mevalonate pathway (MVA pathway or HMG-CoA reductase pathway) and the MEP pathway are metabolic pathways for the biosynthesis of isoprenoid precursors: IPP and DMAPP. Whereas plants use both MVA and MEP pathway, most organisms only use one of the pathways for the biosynthesis of isoprenoid precursors.
For example, one pathway may be responsible for the synthesis of a particular amino acid, but the breakdown of that amino acid may occur via a separate and distinct pathway. One example of an exception to this "rule" is the metabolism of glucose .