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A cervical rib represents a persistent ossification of the C7 lateral costal element. [11] [12] During early development, this ossified costal element typically becomes re-absorbed. Failure of this process results in a variably elongated transverse process or complete rib that can be anteriorly fused with the T1 first rib below. [14]
The vertebral transverse processes of mammals are homologous to the cervical ribs of other amniotes. [ citation needed ] Most mammals have seven cervical vertebrae, with the only three known exceptions being the manatee with six, the two-toed sloth with five or six, and the three-toed sloth with nine.
The transverse processes are large; they project laterally and downward from the lateral masses, and serve for the attachment of muscles which assist in rotating the head. They are long, and their anterior and posterior tubercles are fused into one mass; the foramen transversarium is directed from below, upward and backward.
one spinous process; two transverse processes; four articular processes; A major part of a vertebra is a backward extending spinous process (sometimes called the neural spine) which projects centrally. [7] This process points dorsally and caudally from the junction of the laminae. [7] The spinous process serves to attach muscles and ligaments.
The pars interarticularis, or pars for short, is the part of a vertebra located between the inferior and superior articular processes of the facet joint. [1] [2] In the transverse plane, it lies between the lamina and pedicle. In other words, in the axial view, it is the bony mass between the facets that is anterior to the lamina and posterior ...
Medial one-third of superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, spinous processes of vertebrae C7-T12, Nuchal ligament [1] Insertion: Posterior border of the lateral one-third of the clavicle, acromion process, and spine of scapula: Artery: Superficial branch of transverse cervical artery or superficial cervical artery [2] Nerve
The supraspinous ligament connects the tips of the spinous processes from the seventh cervical vertebra to the sacrum. [1] Superior to the 7th cervical vertebra, the supraspinous ligament is continuous with the nuchal ligament.
Transitional vertebrae have the characteristics of two types of vertebra. The condition usually involves the vertebral arch or transverse processes. It occurs at the cervicothoracic, thoracolumbar, or lumbosacral junction. For instance, the transverse process of the last cervical vertebra may resemble a rib.