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To prevent vapor lock due to being a simple, pure fuel, a small percentage of other fuel or certain additives can be included. Methanol may be made from fossil fuels or renewable resources, in particular natural gas and coal, or biomass respectively. In the case of the latter, it can be synthesized from CO 2 (carbon dioxide) and hydrogen. [3]
Acetone is a vaporization additive, mainly used with methanol racing fuel; Butyl rubber (as polyisobutylene succinimide, detergent to prevent fouling of diesel fuel injectors) Ferrous picrate, used in diesel fuel to increase fuel conversion efficiency and reduce emissions; Two-stroke oil, for lubrication of small engines reliant on crankcase ...
This means they can run on any mixture of M85 and gasoline, providing a seamless transition based on fuel availability. Corrosiveness: Methanol's corrosive nature necessitates changes to the materials in both vehicle and refueling station fuel-handling systems. Special oil additives are required to protect the engine from corrosion.
However, journalist and automotive mechanics instructor Jim Kerr says that with some brands of gasoline, deposits can build up on intake valves in less than 10,000 kilometers (6200 miles). [7] And General Motors fuels engineer Andrew Buczynsky says the various engine-cleaning additives available at auto-parts stores should be used with caution.
However, it is used as a source of hydrogen in some types of fuel cell; it can generate a higher voltage than methanol, which is the fuel of choice for most alcohol-based fuel cells. However, since propanol is harder to produce than methanol (biologically or from oil), methanol-utilizing fuel cells are preferred over those that utilize propanol.
The STG+ process uses standard catalysts similar to those used in other gas to liquids technologies, specifically in methanol to gasoline processes. Methanol to gasoline processes favor molecular size- and shape-selective zeolite catalysts, [2] and the STG+ process also utilizes commercially available shape-selective catalysts, such as ZSM-5. [3]