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1990s – Treatment of bone and kidney tumors by embolization. 1990s – RFA for soft tissue tumors, i.e., bone, breast, kidney, lung and liver cancer. 1997 – Intra-arterial delivery of tumor-killing viruses and gene therapy vectors to the liver. 1997 – HIFU first used to treat prostate cancer.
It may also be used as part of adjuvant therapy, to prevent tumor recurrence after surgery to remove a primary malignant tumor (for example, early stages of breast cancer). Radiation therapy is synergistic with chemotherapy, and has been used before, during, and after chemotherapy in susceptible cancers. The subspecialty of oncology concerned ...
Liver cancer: primary liver tumors such as hepatocellular carcinoma or cholangiocarcinoma and liver metastases are often treated by procedures such as transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), Selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT/Y-90 radioembolization), portal vein embolization, transarterial/bland embolization, or image guided ablation ...
Other radiation therapy machines which incorporate real-time MRI tracking of tumors are currently in development. MRI-guided radiation therapy enables clinicians to see a patient's internal anatomy in real-time using continual soft-tissue imaging and allows them to keep the radiation beams on target when the tumour moves during treatment. [14]
During treatment, the image guidance system captures 3D images, tracks the movement of tumors, and guides the robotic arm to accurately aim the treatment beam at the moving tumor. [ 2 ] The system is designed for stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT).
Usually therapeutic levels of radiation are delivered to the tumor bed while the area is exposed during surgery. IORT is typically a component in the multidisciplinary treatment of locally advanced and recurrent cancer, in combination with external beam radiation, surgery, and chemotherapy.
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