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  2. Lewis structure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewis_structure

    [1] [2] [3] Introduced by Gilbert N. Lewis in his 1916 article The Atom and the Molecule, a Lewis structure can be drawn for any covalently bonded molecule, as well as coordination compounds. [4] Lewis structures extend the concept of the electron dot diagram by adding lines between atoms to represent shared pairs in a chemical bond.

  3. Fluorine compounds - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluorine_compounds

    The bond energy is significantly weaker than those of Cl 2 or Br 2 molecules and similar to the easily cleaved oxygenoxygen bonds of peroxides or nitrogen–nitrogen bonds of hydrazines. [8] The covalent radius of fluorine of about 71 picometers found in F 2 molecules is significantly larger than that in other compounds because of this weak ...

  4. Octet rule - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octet_rule

    The valence electrons can be counted using a Lewis electron dot diagram as shown at the right for carbon dioxide. The electrons shared by the two atoms in a covalent bond are counted twice, once for each atom. In carbon dioxide each oxygen shares four electrons with the central carbon, two (shown in red) from the oxygen itself and two (shown in ...

  5. Arsenate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arsenate

    In natural waters, the dissolved oxygen content is the main factor influencing reduction potential. Arsenates occur in oxygenated waters, which have a high pe, while arsenites are the main arsenic species in anoxic waters with a low pe. [16] A Pourbaix diagram shows the combined influence of pH and pe on arsenate speciation.

  6. Molecular solid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_solid

    The quadrupole-quadrupole interactions between the naphthalene molecules partially guide the organization of the crystal lattice structure. [24] (a) A lewis dot structure artificially colored to provide a qualitative map of where the partial charges exist for the quadrupole. A 3D representation of naphthalene molecules and quadrupole.

  7. Arsenic pentafluoride - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arsenic_pentafluoride

    Arsenic pentafluoride can be prepared by direct combination of arsenic and fluorine: [3] 2As + 5F 2 → 2AsF 5. It can also be prepared by the reaction of arsenic trifluoride and fluorine: AsF 3 + F 2 → AsF 5. or the addition of fluorine to arsenic pentoxide or arsenic trioxide. 2As 2 O 5 + 10F 2 → 4AsF 5 + 5O 2 2As 2 O 3 + 10F 2 → 4AsF 5 ...

  8. Arsenic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arsenic

    It burns in oxygen to form arsenic trioxide and arsenic pentoxide, which have the same structure as the more well-known phosphorus compounds, and in fluorine to give arsenic pentafluoride. [31] Arsenic makes arsenic acid with concentrated nitric acid , arsenous acid with dilute nitric acid, and arsenic trioxide with concentrated sulfuric acid ...

  9. Lewis acids and bases - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewis_acids_and_bases

    In a Lewis adduct, the Lewis acid and base share an electron pair furnished by the Lewis base, forming a dative bond. [1] In the context of a specific chemical reaction between NH 3 and Me 3 B, a lone pair from NH 3 will form a dative bond with the empty orbital of Me 3 B to form an adduct NH 3 •BMe 3.