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The butt is an obsolete English measure of liquid volume equalling two hogsheads, being between 450 and 1,060 litres (99 and 233 imp gal; 120 and 280 US gal) by various definitions. [ 1 ] Equivalents
Wine was measured with units based on the wine gallon of 231 cubic inches (3.785 L), beer was measured with units based on an ale gallon of 282 cubic inches (4.621 L) and grain was measured with the Winchester measure with a gallon of approximately 268.8 cubic inches (one eighth of a Winchester bushel or 4.405 L). In 1824, these units were ...
≈ 0.000 351 450 m: point ... ≡ 36 gal (imp) = 0.163 659 24 m 3: barrel (petroleum); archaic blue-barrel: ... ≡ 1 ⁄ 20 mL = 50.0 ...
Winchester or corn gallon was 272 in 3 (157 imp fl oz; 4,460 mL) (1697 act 8 & 9 Will. 3. c. 22) Henry VII (Winchester) corn gallon from 1497 onwards was 154.80 imp fl oz (4,398 mL) Elizabeth I corn gallon from 1601 onwards was 155.70 imp fl oz (4,424 mL) William III corn gallon from 1697 onwards was 156.90 imp fl oz (4,458 mL)
The US fluid ounce is based on the US gallon, which in turn is based on the wine gallon of 231 cubic inches that was used in the United Kingdom prior to 1824. With the adoption of the international inch, the US fluid ounce became 1 ⁄ 128 gal × 231 in 3 /gal × (2.54 cm/in) 3 = 29.5735295625 mL exactly, or about 4% larger than the imperial unit.
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This made a Wine Gallon "Reputed Pint" equivalent to 2 ⁄ 3 US liquid pint (10.66 US fluid oz.), 11.09 imp. oz, or 315 mL. Although the Imperial system was introduced in 1824, bottles of ale or beer were still sold in Reputed Pints (13.3 imperial oz) but were now based on the Imperial gallon (based on the British Ale Gallon).
In 2006, further extensions were made to the scheme, as part of a plan to increase the capacity of Abberton Reservoir by 60 percent. Essex and Suffolk Water can extract 99 million imperial gallons (450 Ml) per day from the Great Ouse, and the Kirtling Brook was too small to cope with this amount.