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Twin-turbo is a layout in which two turbochargers are used to compress the intake fuel/air mixture (or intake air, in the case of a direct-injection engine). The most common layout features two identical or mirrored turbochargers in parallel, each processing half of a V engine 's produced exhaust through independent piping.
Ferrari 126C F1 car used a hot vee in 1981. [3] BMW N63 was the first production motor using the hot vee, [4] used in the US-made BMW X6 since 2008. Since then others have been introduced including the Mercedes-AMG GT (2014), [5] the Porsche Cayenne Turbo (2018) and Cadillac's twin-turbocharged 4.2 liter V8 in the 2019 CT6-V.
A mechanically driven supercharger offers exceptional response and low-rpm performance, as it does not rely on pressurization of the exhaust manifold (assuming that it is a positive-displacement design, such as a Roots-type or twin-screw, as opposed to a centrifugal supercharger, which does not provide substantial boost in the lower rpm range), but is less efficient than a turbocharger due to ...
Another twin-turbo arrangement commonly used on car engines is a sequential configuration, where one turbo is active across the entire rev range of the engine and the other activates at higher rpm. [16] Below this rpm, both exhaust and air inlet of the secondary turbo are closed.
Using a turbocharger spool valve to increase exhaust gas flow speed to the (twin-scroll) turbine; Using a butterfly valve to force exhaust gas through a smaller passage in the turbo inlet; Electric turbochargers [51] and hybrid turbochargers. A similar phenomenon that is often mistaken for turbo lag is the boost threshold. This is where the ...
A 3.0L V6 twin-turbocharged gasoline direct-injection engine, derived from the 2.7 L EcoBoost, was released in 2016 that produces between 350 and 400 horsepower. The 3.0 L is gradually replacing the 3.7 L Ti-VCT Cyclone V6 engine in various vehicles, including the MKZ , Continental , Aviator , Ford Explorer and the 2022 Ford Bronco Raptor.
In 2012, a "Technical Update" was applied to the N63, resulting in the N63TU variants (also known as N63B44O1).The main upgrade was the addition of Valvetronic. [11] [12] Other changes include revised turbochargers, removal of the blowoff valve, lighter pistons, forged connecting rods and crankshaft, addition of a valve cover labyrinth oil catch/return system, new valve stem seals, revised ...
The engine uses smaller twin scroll type turbos (for reduced turbo-lag), a bespoke Bosch ECU, a modified intercooler configuration, and dry sump lubrication. It produces 730 PS (537 kW; 720 hp) at 5800 rpm [ 8 ] and 1,000 N⋅m (738 lb⋅ft) of torque at 2250-4500 rpm. [ 8 ]