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Curcumin is a bright yellow chemical produced by plants of the Curcuma longa species. It is the principal curcuminoid of turmeric ( Curcuma longa ), a member of the ginger family, Zingiberaceae . It is sold as a herbal supplement , cosmetics ingredient, food flavoring, and food coloring .
Commercial grade curcumin contains a mixture of curcuminoids (desmethoxycurcumin 10–20%, bisdesmethoxycurcumin 5% or less). [2] See also. Bis-desmethoxycurcumin;
Curcumin, which shows positive results in most drug discovery assays, is regarded as a false lead that medicinal chemists include among "pan-assay interference compounds". This attracts undue experimental attention while failing to advance as viable therapeutic or drug leads.
Bisdemethoxycurcumin is a curcuminoid found (along with the curcuminoids curcumin and demethoxycurcumin) in turmeric (Curcuma longa), but absent in Javanese turmeric (Curcuma xanthorrhiza). [1] Bisdemethoxycurcumin is used as a pigment and nutraceutical with antimutagenic properties.
Crystallization studies [6] have determined that curcumin synthase is a homodimer of ketosynthase subunits. [2] [7] Each includes a highly conserved Cys (164), His (303), Asn (336) catalytic triad, and CURS1 has been shown to exhibit the αβαβα folding pattern, [6] conserved features of type III PKSs.
Turmeric (/ ˈ t ɜːr m ər ɪ k, ˈ tj uː-/), [2] [3] or Curcuma longa (/ ˈ k ɜːr k j ʊ m ə ˈ l ɒ ŋ ɡ ə /), [4] [5] is a flowering plant in the ginger family Zingiberaceae.It is a perennial, rhizomatous, herbaceous plant native to the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia that requires temperatures between 20 and 30 °C (68 and 86 °F) and high annual rainfall to thrive.
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