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Hip fractures are responsible for the most serious consequences of osteoporosis. In the United States, more than 250,000 hip fractures annually are attributable to osteoporosis. [189] A 50-year-old white woman is estimated to have a 17.5% lifetime risk of fracture of the proximal femur. The incidence of hip fractures increases each decade from ...
FRAX integrates clinical risk factors and bone mineral density at the femoral neck to calculate the 10-year probability of hip fracture and the 10-year probability of a major osteoporotic fracture (clinical spine, forearm, hip or shoulder fracture). [2]
A hip fracture is a break that occurs in the upper part of the femur (thigh bone), at the femoral neck or (rarely) the femoral head. [2] Symptoms may include pain around the hip, particularly with movement, and shortening of the leg. [2] Usually the person cannot walk. [3] A hip fracture is usually a femoral neck fracture.
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Pelvic fractures make up around 3% of adult fractures. [1] Stable fractures generally have a good outcome. [1] The risk of death with an unstable fracture is about 15%, while those who also have low blood pressure have a risk of death approaching 50%. [2] [4] Unstable fractures are often associated with injuries to other parts of the body. [3]
The National Hip Fracture Database (NHFD) is a nationwide audit within the NHS concerning the management and outcomes of patients with hip fractures.. It was initially set up by the British Orthopaedic Association and the British Geriatrics Society, however it is now commissioned by the Healthcare Quality Improvement Partnership (HQIP), a consortium of the Academy of Medical Royal Colleges and ...
To calculate an ISS, take the highest AIS severity code in each of the three most severely injured ISS body regions, square each AIS code and add the three squared numbers for an ISS (ISS = A 2 + B 2 + C 2 where A, B, C are the AIS scores of the three most injured ISS body regions). The ISS scores ranges from 1 to 75 (i.e. AIS scores of 5 for ...
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