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Dogs are ten times more likely to be infected than humans. The disease in dogs can affect the eyes, brain, lungs, skin, or bones. [15] Histoplasmosis* is a fungal disease caused by Histoplasma capsulatum that affects both dogs and humans. The disease in dogs usually affects the lungs and small intestine. [16]
Retinal dysplasia is an eye disease affecting the retina of animals and, less commonly, humans. It is usually a nonprogressive disease and can be caused by viral infections, drugs, vitamin A deficiency, or genetic defects. Retinal dysplasia is characterized by folds or rosettes (round clumps) of the retinal tissue.
Sudden acquired retinal degeneration syndrome (SARDS) is a disease in dogs causing sudden blindness. It can occur in any breed, but female dogs may be predisposed. [ 1 ] Approximately 4000 cases are seen in the United States annually.
A vitreo-retinal specialist (an ophthalmologist specialized in treatment of retinal diseases) should be consulted for proper management of the case. [ citation needed ] Presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) have been successfully treated with laser, anti-vascular endothelial growth factors and ...
Progressive retinal atrophy (PRA) is a group of genetic diseases seen in certain breeds of dogs and, more rarely, cats. Similar to retinitis pigmentosa in humans, [ 1 ] it is characterized by the bilateral degeneration of the retina , causing progressive vision loss culminating in blindness.
Histoplasmosis is a fungal infection caused by Histoplasma capsulatum. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Symptoms of this infection vary greatly, but the disease affects primarily the lungs . [ 4 ] Occasionally, other organs are affected; called disseminated histoplasmosis, it can be fatal if left untreated.
Close-up of prolapsed gland in small breed dog. KCS is not common in dogs, affecting one per cent of the dog population. [9] KCS is a chronic degenerative conjunctivitis that can lead to impaired vision and blindness. [2] KCS has a wide array of causes including drug toxicity, cherry eye, previous surgery, trauma, and irradiation. [2]
In essence, an immune response with the normal amount and appropriate cytokine release will result in small white dots and a misregulated response eventually will produce scarring of the retinal tissue. Treatment is required in the latter case to combat loss of vision. [7] The white dots usually disappear naturally.