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Aristotle's work on aesthetics consists of the Poetics, Politics (Bk VIII), and Rhetoric. [8] The Poetics was lost to the Western world for a long time. The text was restored to the West in the Middle Ages and early Renaissance only through a Latin translation of an Arabic version written by Averroes. [9]
Aristotle says rhetoric is the counterpart (antistrophe) of dialectic. [1]: I.1.1–2 He explains the similarities between the two but fails to comment on the differences. Here he introduces the term enthymeme. [1]: I.1.3 Chapter Two Aristotle defines rhetoric as the ability in a particular case to see the available means of persuasion.
The works of Aristotle, sometimes referred to by modern scholars with the Latin phrase Corpus Aristotelicum, is the collection of Aristotle's works that have survived from antiquity. According to a distinction that originates with Aristotle himself, his writings are divisible into two groups: the " exoteric " and the " esoteric ". [ 1 ]
The structure of Rhetoric to Alexander is quite similar to that of Aristotle's work. [4] Chapters 1-5 deal with arguments specific to each of the species of rhetoric corresponding to the first book of Aristotle's work. Chapters 6-22 are about "uses" what Aristotle calls "topics", discussing them in the latter part of his second book.
A list of Medieval and Renaissance commentaries on all of Aristotle's works has been compiled by Charles H. Lohr: [8] 1967: “Medieval Aristotle Commentaries: Authors A-F”, Traditio, 23, 313-413. 1968: “Medieval Aristotle Commentaries: Authors G-I”, Traditio, 24, 149-245.
Aristotle begins Poetics 13 with the premise that the function of tragedy is the arousal of pity and fear.” [5] According to Belfiore, even though Aristotle "uses one set of criteria for good plots in Poetics 13 and a different set in Poetics 14, these two accounts are more consistent with one another than is often thought”. [6]
Aristotle first lists out five types of endoxa which one can beginning reasoning from: [8] the views of everyone; the views of the preponderant majority; the views of the recognized experts; the views of all the experts; the views of the most famous. Aristotle then defines three types of reasoning in an argument:
Aristotle's School, a painting from the 1880s by Gustav Adolph Spangenberg. The names of the first seven or eight scholarchs (leaders) of the Peripatetic school are known with varying levels of certainty. A list of names with the approximate dates they headed the school is as follows (all dates BC): [19] Aristotle (c. 334 – 322) Theophrastus ...