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Eventually, this First Persian Empire (also better known as the Achaemenid Empire) would stretch three continents, namely Europe, Asia and Africa, encompassing 8 million square kilometers, [20] and be the first world empire and the largest empire the world had yet seen in the ancient world. [21]
To refer to a concept similar to that of today's Middle East but earlier in time, the term ancient Near East is used. This list is intended as a timeline of the history of the Middle East. For more detailed information, see articles on the histories of individual countries. See ancient Near East for ancient history of the Middle East.
By the early 15th century, the Ottomans had become the region's largest power. The Mamluks held them out of the lower Middle East for a century, but in 1514 Selim the Grim began the Ottoman conquest of the region. Syria was occupied in 1516 and Egypt in 1517, extinguishing the Mamluk line.
Benin Empire: 1180: 1897: 717 Bogd Khanate of Mongolia/Great Mongolian State 1911 1924 7 (broken up from 1915 to 1921) Bornu Empire: 1380: 1893: 513 Empire of Brazil: 1822: 1889: 67 Britannic Empire: 286: 296: 10 British Empire: 1583: 1997: 414 Bruneian Empire: 1368: 1888: 520 Bukhara Empire: 1501: 1785: 284 Bulgarian Empire (Great Bulgaria ...
Fulani or Fulbe Empire of Macina of Seku Amadu (1818–1862) Fulani or Fulbe Empire of El Hajj Oumar Tall, Toucouleur Empire (1848–1898) Fulani or Fulbe Empire of Bundu (state) of Malick Daouda Sy (1669–1954) Kanem Empire (700–1380) Bornu Empire (1380–1893) Wadai Empire (1501–1912) Ghana Empire (500–1200) Mali Empire (1230–1670 ...
It also includes all of Egypt (not just the Sinai) and all of Turkey (including East Thrace). Most Middle Eastern countries (13 out of 18) are part of the Arab world. The most populous countries in the region are Egypt, Turkey, and Iran, while Saudi Arabia is the largest Middle Eastern country by area.
The Mongol Empire's westward expansion reached the Middle East when the Mongols conquered the Khwarazmian Empire in Central Asia in 1227. Part of the Khwarazmian army fled to eastern Anatolia and these masterless Turkic soldiers offered their services to the neighbouring rulers for pay. [ 184 ]
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 26 January 2025. Expansion of the Islamic state (622–750) For later military territorial expansion of Islamic states, see Spread of Islam. Early Muslim conquests Expansion under Muhammad, 622–632 Expansion under the Rashidun Caliphate, 632–661 Expansion under the Umayyad Caliphate, 661–750 Date ...