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Then, a vacuum is drawn on the vacuum bag, and atmospheric pressure compresses the part during the cure. When a tube-shaped bag is used, the entire part can be enclosed within the bag. When utilizing sheet bagging materials, the edges of the vacuum bag are sealed against the edges of the mould surface to enclose the part against an air-tight mould.
Vacuum Assisted Resin Transfer Molding (VARTM) or Vacuum Injected Molding (VIM) is a closed mold, out of autoclave (OOA) [1] composite manufacturing process. VARTM is a variation of Resin Transfer Molding (RTM) with its distinguishing characteristic being the replacement of the top portion of a mold tool with a vacuum bag and the use of a vacuum to assist in resin flow. [2]
Further important elements are the valves and the sealant used to hermetically seal the vacuum bag. [1] [7] [8] [9] This process can be manual, semi-automatic or completely automatic. When done entirely by hand, lamination is a long and difficult process (due to the strict tolerances required).
The mold is closed, sealed, heated, and placed under vacuum. Heated resin is injected into the mold to impregnate the fiber layup. Having the mold heated and under vacuum, as in vacuum assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) assists the resin flow. The mold is then held at a temperature sufficient to cure the resin.
The mold is a negative image of the component to be made, so the fiberglass will be applied inside the mold, rather than around it. As in the mold-making process, release agent is first applied to the mold. Colored gelcoat is then applied. Layers of fiberglass are then applied, using the same procedure as before.
Individual sheets of prepreg material are laid-up and placed in an open mould. The material is covered with release film, bleeder/breather material and a vacuum bag. A vacuum is pulled on part and the entire mould is placed into an autoclave (heated pressure vessel). The part is cured with a continuous vacuum to extract entrapped gasses from ...