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The nested set model is a technique for representing nested set collections (also known as trees or hierarchies) in relational databases.. It is based on Nested Intervals, that "are immune to hierarchy reorganization problem, and allow answering ancestor path hierarchical queries algorithmically — without accessing the stored hierarchy relation".
In computer science, a B-tree is a self-balancing tree data structure that maintains sorted data and allows searches, sequential access, insertions, and deletions in logarithmic time. The B-tree generalizes the binary search tree , allowing for nodes with more than two children. [ 2 ]
Binary search Visualization of the binary search algorithm where 7 is the target value Class Search algorithm Data structure Array Worst-case performance O (log n) Best-case performance O (1) Average performance O (log n) Worst-case space complexity O (1) Optimal Yes In computer science, binary search, also known as half-interval search, logarithmic search, or binary chop, is a search ...
For example, to find the node in the fifth position (Node 5), traverse a link of width 1 at the top level. Now four more steps are needed but the next width on this level is ten which is too large, so drop one level. Traverse one link of width 3. Since another step of width 2 would be too far, drop down to the bottom level.
The simplest kind of query is to locate a record that has a specific field (the key) equal to a specified value v.Other common kinds of query are "find the item with smallest (or largest) key value", "find the item with largest key value not exceeding v", "find all items with key values between specified bounds v min and v max".
A simple B+ tree example linking the keys 1–7 to data values d 1-d 7. The linked list (red) allows rapid in-order traversal. This particular tree's branching factor is =4. Both keys in leaf and internal nodes are colored gray here. By definition, each value contained within the B+ tree is a key contained in exactly one leaf node.
In the bingo sort variant, items are sorted by repeatedly looking through the remaining items to find the greatest value and moving all items with that value to their final location. [2] Like counting sort , this is an efficient variant if there are many duplicate values: selection sort does one pass through the remaining items for each item ...
The top-k data structure at each node is constructed based on the values existing in the subtrees of that node and is meant to answer one-sided range top-k queries. Please note that for a one-dimensional array A {\displaystyle A} , a range tree can be constructed by dividing A {\displaystyle A} into two halves and recursing on both halves ...