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Soil salinity control refers to controlling the process and progress of soil salinity to prevent soil degradation by salination and reclamation of already salty (saline) soils. Soil reclamation is also known as soil improvement, rehabilitation, remediation , recuperation, or amelioration.
Soil salinity is the salt content in the soil; the process of increasing the salt content is known as salinization. [1] Salts occur naturally within soils and water. Salination can be caused by natural processes such as mineral weathering or by the gradual withdrawal of an ocean.
However, when the soil consists of a poorly permeable top layer several meters thick, overlying a rapidly permeable and deep subsoil, wells may be a better option, because the drain spacing required for pipes or ditches would be considerably smaller than the spacing for wells. Drainage design procedures
Although one well may be sufficient to solve groundwater and soil salinity problems in a few hectares, one usually needs a number of wells, because the problems may be widely spread. The wells may be arranged in a triangular, square or rectangular pattern. The design of the well field concerns depth, capacity, discharge, and spacing of the ...
From figure 1 it is seen that 800 mm of water (or 8000 m 3 /ha) is required to bring the soil salinity down to 60% of its original value in the soil layer at 40 to 60 cm depth. When the salinity must be less than 60%, extrapolation of the leaching curve, the use of a leaching equation (see below) or a leaching model like SaltMod is necessary to ...
Drainage system (agriculture), land forming or land shaping to enhance the drainage from the soil surface in agricultural land; Contour plowing, controlling runoff and soil erosion; Subsurface (groundwater) drainage Horizontal drainage by pipes and ditches Tile drainage; Vertical drainage by wells Well drainage; Watertable control; Otherwise:
The processes can be grouped into mutually dependent soil physical, soil chemical/biological, and hydrological processes (Figure 3): The soil physical processes include soil aeration, soil structure, soil stability, and soil temperature; The chemical processes include soil salinity, soil acidity and soil alkalinity.
In regions with naturally occurring saline soil layers (for example salinity in south eastern Australia) or saline aquifers, these rising water tables may bring salt up into the root zone leading to problems of irrigation salinity. Salinization - Depending on water quality irrigation water may add significant volumes of salt to the soil profile.