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Sand dollars (also known as sea cookies or snapper biscuits in New Zealand and Brazil, or pansy shells in South Africa) are species of flat, burrowing sea urchins belonging to the order Clypeasteroida. Some species within the order, not quite as flat, are known as sea biscuits. Sand dollars can also be called "sand cakes" or "cake urchins". [2]
Dendraster excentricus, also known as the eccentric sand dollar, sea-cake, biscuit-urchin, western sand dollar, or Pacific sand dollar, is a species of sand dollar in the family Dendrasteridae. It is a flattened, burrowing sea urchin found in the north-eastern Pacific Ocean from Alaska to Baja California .
Clypeasteridae is a family of sea urchins in the order Clypeasteroida.This family was first scientifically described in 1835 by the Swiss-American biologist Louis Agassiz.. The clypeasteridae also known as the sand dollar, are round and semi-flat organisms with spines lining the underside of the body and elongated genital papillae aiding its survival and reproduction.
Irregular echinoids include flattened sand dollars, sea biscuits, and heart urchins. [3] Together with sea cucumbers (Holothuroidea), they make up the subphylum Echinozoa, which is characterized by a globoid shape without arms or projecting rays. Sea cucumbers and the irregular echinoids have secondarily evolved diverse shapes.
The tests (shells) of these sand dollars are round, flat and disc-like, typically measuring 3 inches (7.6 cm) in diameter. The growth rate for this animal is between 3.5 to 6 mm/yr in the latter 5 years of their lifespan, and the lifespan is typically around 8 years. [ 2 ]
Clypeaster, common name "cake urchins" or "sea biscuits", is a genus of echinoderms belonging to the family Clypeasteridae. Etymology
The concerned group in Salisbury Beach pooled together about $560,000, which they paid for out of pocket, and trucked in over 14,000 tons of sand to build a protective dune around several of the ...
Clypeaster australasiae, the Australasian sand dollar, is a species of sea urchins of the family Clypeasteridae. Their armour is covered with spines. Their armour is covered with spines. Clypeaster australasiae was first scientifically described in 1851 by Gray.