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A clinical formulation, also known as case formulation and problem formulation, is a theoretically-based explanation or conceptualisation of the information obtained from a clinical assessment. It offers a hypothesis about the cause and nature of the presenting problems and is considered an adjunct or alternative approach to the more ...
Intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy (ISTDP) is a form of short-term psychotherapy developed through empirical, video-recorded research by Habib Davanloo. [1]The therapy's primary goal is to help the patient overcome internal resistance to experiencing true feelings about the present and past which have been warded off because they are either too frightening or too painful.
He later expanded his focus to include anxiety disorders, in Cognitive Therapy and the Emotional Disorders in 1976, and other disorders later on. [5] He also introduced a focus on the underlying "schema"—the underlying ways in which people process information about the self, the world or the future.
The Concept of Anxiety pp. 12, 39. Kierkegaard also writes about an individual's disposition in The Concept of Anxiety. He was impressed with the psychological views of Johann Karl Friedrich Rosenkranz who wrote: In Rosenkranz's Psychology there is definition of disposition [Gemyt]. On page 322 he says that disposition is the unity of feeling ...
A cognitive distortion is a thought that causes a person to perceive reality "inaccurately" due to being "exaggerated" to neurotypicals or, sometimes, irrational.Cognitive distortions are involved in the onset or perpetuation of psychopathological states, such as depression and anxiety.
For example, following a panic attack while driving, someone with agoraphobia may develop anxiety over driving and will therefore avoid driving. These avoidance behaviors can have serious consequences and often reinforce the fear they are caused by. In a severe case of agoraphobia, the person may never leave their home.
Example Behaviors Target of Avoidance Major depressive disorder: Isolation/suicide: Feelings of sadness, guilt, low self-worth Posttraumatic stress disorder: Avoiding trauma reminders, hypervigilance: Memories, anxiety, concerns of safety Social phobia: Avoiding social situations: Anxiety, concerns of judgment from others Panic disorder
Other examples include the Beck Hopelessness Scale [14] for measuring thoughts about the future and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale [15] for measuring views of the self. The Cognitive Triad Inventory (CTI) was developed by Beckham et al. [13] to attempt to systematically measure the three aspects of Beck's triad.