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A small reaction wheel viewed in profile A momentum/reaction wheel comprising part of a high-accuracy Conical Earth Sensor to maintain a satellite's precise attitude. A reaction wheel (RW) is an electric motor attached to a flywheel, which, when its rotation speed is changed, causes a counter-rotation proportionately through conservation of angular momentum. [1]
Alternatively, reaction wheels can be used for attitude control. Use of diverted engine thrust to provide stable attitude control of a short-or-vertical takeoff and landing aircraft below conventional winged flight speeds, such as with the Harrier "jump jet", may also be referred to as a reaction control system. [1]
I used to design both Reaction Wheels and Momentum Wheels for spacecraft. Although they each have similarities between them, they are different animals. A reaction wheel imparts a instantaneous reaction torque into the spacecraft structure when accelerated / decelerated from 'coasting' RPM.
Another method for achieving three-axis stabilization is to use electrically powered reaction wheels, also called momentum wheels, which are mounted on three orthogonal axes aboard the spacecraft. They provide a means to trade angular momentum back and forth between spacecraft and wheels. To rotate the vehicle on a given axis, the reaction ...
The slew of 3-axis stabilized spacecraft is typically in closed loop control with thrusters or electrically-powered reaction wheels maintaining or altering the craft's attitude based on sensor measurements. A typical example is a space telescope that should be turned to observe a new celestial object.
The following other wikis use this file: Usage on cs.wikipedia.org Reverzní Segnerovo kolo; Usage on fr.wikipedia.org Bateau pop-pop; Tourniquet de Feynman
The fine sensors used to determine the orientation of the satellite are two three-axis star finder and three two-axis gyrometers. The coarse sensors are three-axis magnetometers and 8 solar sensors with an optical field of 4 ft. The orientation is corrected using four reaction wheels which are desaturated using magneto-couplers.
These avoidance maneuvers are almost always conducted by the firing of onboard Reaction control thrusters, although some other satellite and spacecraft orientation systems like Magnetorquers, Reaction wheels, and Control moment gyroscopes may be involved.