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Stress management was developed and premised on the idea that stress is not a direct response to a stressor but rather an individual's resources and abilities to cope and mediate the stress response which are amenable to change, thus allowing stress to be controllable. [7] [8] Transactional Model of Stress and Coping of Richard Lazarus
Positive psychotherapy (PPT) is a therapeutic approach developed by Nossrat Peseschkian during the 1970s and 1980s. [2] [3] [4] Initially known as "differentiational analysis", it was later renamed as positive psychotherapy when Peseschkian published his work in 1977, which was subsequently translated into English in 1987.
In psychology, stress is a feeling of emotional strain and pressure. [1] Stress is a form of psychological and mental discomfort. Small amounts of stress may be beneficial, as it can improve athletic performance, motivation and reaction to the environment.
In the context of psychology, a coping strategy is any technique or practice designed to reduce or manage the negative effects associated with stress. While stress is known to be a natural biological response, biologists and psychologists have repeatedly demonstrated that stress in excess can lead to negative effects on one's physical and psychological well-being. [3]
Emotional approach coping is a psychological construct that involves the use of emotional processing and emotional expression in response to a stressful situation. [1] [2] As opposed to emotional avoidance, in which emotions are experienced as a negative, undesired reaction to a stressful situation, emotional approach coping involves the conscious use of emotional expression and processing to ...
Emotion-focused coping "is oriented toward managing the emotions that accompany the perception of stress". [18] The five emotion-focused coping strategies identified by Folkman and Lazarus [13] are: disclaiming; escape-avoidance; accepting responsibility or blame; exercising self-control; and positive reappraisal. Emotion-focused coping is a ...
Relaxation helps improve coping with stress. Stress is the leading cause of mental and physical problems, [ citation needed ] therefore feeling relaxed is often beneficial for a person's health. When a person is highly stressed, the sympathetic nervous system is activated because one is in a fight-or-flight response mode; over time, this could ...
[4] Lazarus and Folkman co-authored a book called "Stress, Appraisal and Coping" in 1984, which worked through the theory of psychological stress, using concepts of Cognitive appraisal and coping. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] In this book, they were the first to make the distinction between "problem-focused coping" and "emotion-focused coping" which could ...