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Primaquine is a medication used to treat and prevent malaria and to treat Pneumocystis pneumonia. [2] Specifically it is used for malaria due to Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium ovale along with other medications and for prevention if other options cannot be used. [2]
Plasmodium falciparum is a unicellular protozoan parasite of humans, and the deadliest species of Plasmodium that causes malaria in humans. [2] The parasite is transmitted through the bite of a female Anopheles mosquito and causes the disease's most dangerous form, falciparum malaria.
Malaria is the deadliest among infectious diseases, accounting for approximately 429,000 human deaths in 2015 as of the latest estimate by the World Health Organization. [2] In humans, malaria can be caused by five Plasmodium parasites, namely P. falciparum, P. vivax, P. malariae, P. ovale and P. knowlesi. [3] P. falciparum is the most ...
The reason for this can possibly be accounted for by the lower number of merozoites produced per erythrocytic cycle, the longer 72-hour developmental cycle (compared to the 48-hour cycle of P. vivax and P. falciparum), the preference for development in older erythrocytes and the resulting earlier development of immunity by the human host. [2 ...
Artemether is an antimalarial drug for uncomplicated malaria caused by P. falciparum (and chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum) or chloroquine-resistant P. vivax parasites. [1] [7] Artemether can also be used to treat severe malaria. [2] The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends the treatment of uncomplicated P. falciparum with artemisinin ...
It is approved in the United States as a treatment and preventive measure against malaria. [6] The combination is considered to be more effective in treating malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum than that caused by P. vivax, for which chloroquine is considered more effective, though in the absence of a species-specific diagnosis, the sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine combination may be indicated. [7]
Ganaplacide (development codename KAF156) is a drug in development by Novartis for the purpose of treating malaria. It is a imidazolopiperazine derivative. [1] [2] It has shown activity against the Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax forms of the malaria parasite. [3]
Amodiaquine (ADQ) is a medication used to treat malaria, including Plasmodium falciparum malaria when uncomplicated. [2] [3] It is recommended to be given with artesunate to reduce the risk of resistance. [2] Due to the risk of rare but serious side effects, it is not generally recommended to prevent malaria. [2]