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A process with two threads of execution, running on one processor Program vs. Process vs. Thread Scheduling, Preemption, Context Switching. In computer science, a thread of execution is the smallest sequence of programmed instructions that can be managed independently by a scheduler, which is typically a part of the operating system. [1]
For instance, to handle an IF-ELSE block where various threads of a processor execute different paths, all threads must actually process both paths (as all threads of a processor always execute in lock-step), but masking is used to disable and enable the various threads as appropriate. Masking is avoided when control flow is coherent for the ...
The process state is changed back to "waiting" when the process no longer needs to wait (in a blocked state). Once the process finishes execution, or is terminated by the operating system, it is no longer needed. The process is removed instantly or is moved to the "terminated" state. When removed, it just waits to be removed from main memory ...
The setp.cc.type instruction sets a predicate register to the result of comparing two registers of appropriate type, there is also a set instruction, where set.le.u32.u64 %r101, %rd12, %rd28 sets the 32-bit register %r101 to 0xffffffff if the 64-bit register %rd12 is less than or equal to the 64-bit register %rd28.
Only when the data for the previous thread had arrived, would the previous thread be placed back on the list of ready-to-run threads. For example: Cycle i: instruction j from thread A is issued. Cycle i + 1: instruction j + 1 from thread A is issued. Cycle i + 2: instruction j + 2 from thread A is issued, which is a load instruction that misses ...
Establishing that a computer is frequently CPU-bound implies that upgrading the CPU or optimizing code will improve the overall computer performance. With the advent of multiple buses, parallel processing, multiprogramming , preemptive scheduling, advanced graphics cards , advanced sound cards and generally, more decentralized loads, it became ...
First published in 1982 as Fundamentals of Interactive Computer Graphics, it is widely considered a classic standard reference book on the topic of computer graphics. It is sometimes known as the bible of computer graphics (due to its size).
Despite these differences, 3D computer graphics rely on similar algorithms as 2D computer graphics do in the frame and raster graphics (like in 2D) in the final rendered display. In computer graphics software, the distinction between 2D and 3D is occasionally blurred; 2D applications may use 3D techniques to achieve effects such as lighting ...