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Front-mounted air-to-air intercooler Top-mounted air-to-liquid intercooler (the silver cuboid-shaped part) on a BMW S55 turbocharged engine. An intercooler is a heat exchanger used to cool a gas after compression. [1] Often found in turbocharged engines, intercoolers are also used in air compressors, air conditioners, refrigeration and gas ...
In an internal combustion engine, a turbocharger (also known as a turbo or a turbosupercharger) is a forced induction device that is powered by the flow of exhaust gases. It uses this energy to compress the intake air, forcing more air into the engine in order to produce more power for a given displacement .
If the aspect ratio is too large, the turbo will fail to create boost at low speeds; if the aspect ratio is too small, the turbo will choke the engine at high speeds, leading to high exhaust manifold pressures, high pumping losses, and ultimately lower power output. By altering the geometry of the turbine housing as the engine accelerates, the ...
The term turbo-diesel, also written as turbodiesel and turbo diesel, refers to any diesel engine equipped with a turbocharger. As with other engine types, turbocharging a diesel engine can significantly increase its efficiency and power output, especially when used in combination with an intercooler .
The electric starter works with gears and clutch plate linking the motor and the engine. The clutch is used to disengage when optimum speed is achieved. This is usually done automatically. The electric supply is used to start the motor as well as for ignition. The voltage is usually built up slowly as starter gains speed.
Ferrari 126C F1 car used a hot vee in 1981. [3] BMW N63 was the first production motor using the hot vee, [4] used in the US-made BMW X6 since 2008. Since then others have been introduced including the Mercedes-AMG GT (2014), [5] the Porsche Cayenne Turbo (2018) and Cadillac's twin-turbocharged 4.2 liter V8 in the 2019 CT6-V.
The anti-lag system (ALS) is a method of reducing turbo lag or effective compression used on turbocharged engines to minimize turbo lag on racing or performance cars. It works by retarding the ignition timing and adding extra fuel (and sometimes air) to balance an inherent loss in combustion efficiency with increased pressure at the charging side of the turbo.
variable geometry turbo intercooler Nissan Almera (N16) Nissan Almera Tino (V16) 2003–2005: 82 kW (112 PS; 110 hp) at 4000 rpm 100 kW (136 PS; 134 hp) at 4000 rpm: 247 N⋅m (182 lb⋅ft) at 2000 rpm 304 N⋅m (224 lb⋅ft) at 2000 rpm: common rail direct injection variable geometry turbo intercooler Nissan Primera (P12) Nissan Almera (N16)