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Explorer 6 (1959) used a search coil magnetometer to measure the gross magnetic field of the Earth and vector fluxgate., [27] however because of induced magnetism in the space craft the fluxgate sensor became saturated and did not send data. Future missions would attempt to place magnetometers further away from the space craft.
Swarm is a European Space Agency (ESA) mission to study the Earth's magnetic field.High-precision and high-resolution measurements of the strength, direction and variations of the Earth's magnetic field, complemented by precise navigation, accelerometer and electric field measurements, will provide data for modelling the geomagnetic field and its interaction with other physical aspects of the ...
The first science phase will focus on the magnetic boundary between the Earth and Sun (day side operations) for one and a half years, with the spacecraft formation orbiting the Earth at 2,550 by 70,080 km (1,580 by 43,550 mi). The second science phase will study reconnection in Earth's magnetic tail (night side operations) for half a year ...
As this system has four stable states, if the satellite has a preferred orientation, e.g. a camera pointed at the planet, some way to flip the satellite and its tether end-for-end is needed. The second passive system orients the satellite along Earth's magnetic field thanks to a magnet. [7]
The orbit allowed the satellite to map a majority of the Earth's surfaces except the geographic poles. [3] After launch the payload was brought to an orbit of 96.80° facing the Sun as the Earth rotated underneath. It was kept in a close Earth orbit, with vector magnetometers capable of sensing magnetic fields closer to Earth's surface.
Its actuator was a coil, and the torque necessary for position control was generated by the interaction of the Earth's magnetic field with the magnetic field induced in the satellite. An additional stabilization system was provided by five constant-current engines mounted on the circumference of its bottom.
The objective was to investigate the magnetic field and plasma as the spacecraft passed through Earth's magnetosphere and into cislunar space.The satellite was launched by a Thor DM-19 Delta (Thor 295) into a highly-elliptical orbit and was spin-stabilized with a spin period of 0.548 seconds.
Diagram of IMAGE spacecraft Launch of IMAGE spacecraft aboard of Delta 277.. IMAGE was the first spacecraft dedicated to imaging the Earth's magnetosphere. [10] IMAGE was a spacecraft developed by the Medium-class Explorer (MIDEX) program, and it was the first spacecraft dedicated to observing the magnetosphere of the Earth, producing comprehensive global images of plasma in the inner ...
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