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One important reason was the need for alternatives to the expensive eastern trade routes that followed the Silk Road. Those routes were dominated first by the republics of Venice and Genoa, and then by the Ottoman Empire after the conquest of Constantinople in 1453, which barred European access. For decades the ports in the Spanish Netherlands ...
The silver colored inner disk shows the time and has an indicator on one edge. The nocturnal was used to find the time at night using the north star. The observer would look through the central hole and align the movable arm with certain stars (the "guardas") of the Little Bear. The time could then be read at the outer rim.
At the same time, they were using the information that Portuguese seamen had ambitiously acquired. [14] The charts of sailing directions expanded as new sailing routes became more prominent, such as what happened when the Canary Islands were initially discovered, followed by the discovery of other Atlantic islands. As was the case with general ...
This was an existing Iberian ship type, used for fishing, commerce and military purposes. Unlike other vessels of the time, the caravel had a sternpost-mounted rudder (as opposed to a side-mounted steering oar). It had a shallow draft, which was helpful in exploring unknown coastlines.
Iberian Books is a bibliographical research project set up to chart the development of printing in Spain, Portugal and the New World in the early-modern period. [1] It offers a catalogue of what was known to have been printed, along with a survey of surviving copies and links to digital editions. [ 2 ]
In eight years, by force of arms and diplomacy, Hamilcar secured an extensive territory, covering around half of the Iberian Peninsula, and Iberian soldiers later came to make up a large part of the army that his son Hannibal led into the Italian Peninsula to fight the Romans, but Hamilcar's premature death in battle (228 BC) prevented him from ...
The Battle of Scheveningen, 10 August 1653, painted by Jan Abrahamsz Beerstraaten A ship of war, Cyclopaedia 1728, Vol 2. The Age of Sail is a period in European history that lasted at the latest from the mid-16th (or mid-15th) [1] to the mid-19th centuries, in which the dominance of sailing ships in global trade and warfare culminated, particularly marked by the introduction of naval ...
The famous bust of the "Lady of Elche", probably a priestess."Warrior of Moixent" Iberian (Edetan) ex-voto statuette, 2nd to 4th centuries BC, found in Edeta. The Iberians (Latin: Hibērī, from Greek: Ἴβηρες, Iberes) were an ancient people settled in the eastern and southern coasts of the Iberian Peninsula, at least from the 6th century BCE.