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I created this sketch to show how a floodplain consists of floodway and flood fringe. This also shows how portions of hillsides can be part of the floodplain. This also shows the difference in impact of fill in flood fringe versus fill in floodway.
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Floodplain – Land adjacent to a water body which is flooded during periods of high water; Fluvial landforms of streams; Fluvial terrace – Elongated terraces that flank the sides of floodplains and river valleys; Canyon – Deep chasm between cliffs (Gorge) Gully – Landform created by running water and/or mass movement eroding sharply into ...
A floodplain or flood plain or bottomlands [1] is an area of land adjacent to a river. Floodplains stretch from the banks of a river channel to the base of the enclosing valley, and experience flooding during periods of high discharge. [2] The soils usually consist of clays, silts, sands, and gravels deposited during floods. [3]
Fluvial terraces are elongated terraces that flank the sides of floodplains and fluvial valleys all over the world. They consist of a relatively level strip of land, called a "tread", separated from either an adjacent floodplain, other fluvial terraces, or uplands by distinctly steeper strips of land called "risers".
The side of a levee in Sacramento, California. A levee (/ ˈ l ɛ v i / or / ˈ l ɛ v eɪ /), [a] [1] dike (American English), dyke (British English; see spelling differences), embankment, floodbank, or stop bank is an elevated ridge, natural or artificial, alongside the banks of a river, often intended to protect against flooding of the area adjoining the river.
The slope of a levee is primarily a function of its grain size. [4] Levees tend to be steeper when they first form and are close to the channel, then gradually level out as they grow and their grain size decreases. [6] In the stratigraphic record, natural-levee deposits typically consist of thinly-layered sandstones overlying mud- to clay-sized ...
Jadwin's plan included the Birds Point-New Madrid floodway with a setback levee between 3 and 10 miles (4.8–16.1 km) from the existing mainline levee. Eleven miles of the mainline levee were to be lowered by 3 feet 6 inches (1.07 m) to create a fuse plug levee. At a flood stage of 55 feet (17 m) on the Cairo gage, the levee would overtop and ...